2008 Annual Meeting and Arctic Forum | Abstracts
Poster and Presentation Abstracts for the ARCUS 20th Annual Meeting and Arctic Forum 2008
5/13/08 - 5/15/08Washington, D.C. Abstracts are listed in alphabetical order by first author's last name. Invited presenters are listed in parentheses if they are other than the first author.
Poster Abstracts
Adler | Appel | Baeseman | Balascio | Blankholm (Murray) | Bondareva | Brosius | Bryant (Nelson) | Buxbaum | Cherry | Crate | Cui | Eddie | Epstein | Fitzhugh | Goswami | Hasanat | Ivey (Zak) | Johnson (Manley) | Klein | Kumpula | Lang (Krupnik) | Lang | Lewis | Loring | Miller | Murray | National Science Foundation | National Science Foundation | National Science Foundation | Nelson | Nelson | Nelson | Nelson | Ogilvie | Roth | Shuman | Sullivan (Sveinbjörnsson) | Tape | Tedesco | Timm | Timm | Vander Pol | Walker | Walker | Wang | Warnick | Warnick | Warnick | Wiggins | Wilson | Yu | Zellen | Zellen
Presentation Abstracts
Alexander | Bellerby | Brigham | Caron | De Fabo | Engelhaupt | Forchhammer | Gerlach | Huebert | Kelly | Lubin | McGovern | Ragen | Serreze | StroeveList of Abstracts
Millennial-Scale Paleoceanographic Variability in the Central Arctic Ocean Exemplified by a Late Quaternary Sediment Record from the Mendeleev Ridge
Ruth Adler1, Leonid Polyak2, Darrell S. Kaufman3, Andréa Grottoli4Abstract:
1School of Earth Sciences, Byrd Polar Research Center, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA, Phone 614-292-1434, adler.66@osu.edu
2Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA, Phone 614-292-2602, polyak.1@osu.edu
3Department of Geology, Northern Arizona University, Frier Hall, Building 12, Room 100, Knoles Drive, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA, Phone 928-523-7192, Darrell.Kaufman@nau.edu
4School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, 125 South Oval Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA, Phone 614-292-5782, grottoli.1@osu.edu
The Arctic Ocean is one of the least understood regions in the world, despite the critical role it plays to modulate global climate change. Here we present data from a relatively high sedimentation rate core, HLY0503-08JPC, raised from the Mendeleev Ridge, western Arctic Ocean, covering the climate record of the...
Council Forum Roundtable Discussion: New Paradigms in Polar Research—Recommendations for Member Institution Actions to Overcome Obstacles to Interdisciplinary and International Research
Vera Alexander1, Wendy K. Warnick2, Helen V. Wiggins3, Jenny Baeseman4, Bruce Forbes5, Sean Topkok6Abstract:
1School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757220, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-5071, Fax 907-474-7386, vera@sfos.uaf.edu
2Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
3Arctic Research Consortium of the United States, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, helen@arcus.org
4International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757340, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-5730, baeseman@arcus.org
5Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, PO Box 122, Rovaniemi, FIN-96101, Finland, Phone +358-16341-27, bforbes@ulapland.fi
6Alaska Native Knowledge Network, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 756730, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-5897, Fax 907-474-5615, fncst@uaf.edu
In recent years, polar science has advanced beyond traditional, disciplinary-based research. Today's critical problems, such as global climate change, require approaches that transcend disciplinary, geographic, and cultural boundaries to address system-level science. The Arctic is a truly multi-national arena, and science recognizes no borders. The challenges and barriers to successful...
Simulating Modis Measurements of Snow Directional Reflectivity from Antarctic Plateau
Igor Appel1, Changyong Cao2, Robert Iacovazzi3Abstract:
1Science Department, TAG LLC, 320 North Street Southwest, Washington, DC, 20024, USA, Phone 301-286-9088, igor.appel@noaa.gov
2Satellite Meteorology and Climatology Division, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, changyong.cao@noaa.gov
3no contact info
Different theoretical approaches—two-stream theory, Mie discrete scattering, and geometric optics—were expediently compared to assess their ability to calculate diffusive radiation from snow cover at a visible wavelength for the conditions at Dome Concordia on the Antarctic plateau. Various descriptions of absorption, transmission, reflectance, and multiple scattering are taken into...
Shaping the Future of Polar Research
Jenny L. Baeseman1, Kriss Rokkan Iversen2, Narelle Baker3, Jose Xavier4Abstract:
1Arctic Research Consortium of the US, International Arctic Research Center, 930 Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1963, baeseman@arcus.org
2University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway, Phone +47-7764-4514, Kriss.Iversen@nfh.uit.no
3Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1ER, UK, Phone +44-1223-3365, npmb2@cam.ac.uk
4Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal, jxavier@ualg.pt
The International Polar Year 2007–2008 (IPY) is advancing our fundamental understanding of the Polar Regions and the cryosphere as a whole. To ensure the legacy of these scientific advances, the next generation of polar scientists must be recruited, nurtured, educated, and mentored. To retain the current cohort of early career...
Lake Sediment Records of Holocene Climate Variability from the Lofoten Islands, Arctic Norway
Nicholas L. Balascio1, Raymond S. Bradley2Abstract:
1Climate System Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst , MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-0659, balascio@geo.umass.edu
2Climate System Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst , MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-0659, rbradley@geo.umass.edu
The Lofoten Archipelago, located off the northwestern coast of Norway (67–69°N), is a group of mountainous islands dissected by glacial valleys and fjords that extend into the Norwegian Sea. The Lofoten Islands are in an important location within the climate system of the North Atlantic region. The maritime...
Arctic Ocean Acidification: A Contemporary and Future View of Changes to the Marine Carbon Dioxide System
Richard G.J. Bellerby1Abstract:
1Bjerkes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Allégaten 55, Hordaland, Bergen, N-5007, Norway, Phone +47-5558-2565, Fax +47-5558-4330, richard.bellerby@bjerknes.uib.no
The oceanic inorganic carbon content is increasing due to partial equilibration with the anthropogenic increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Due to the slow turnover of the ocean, the greatest changes to marine carbonate chemistry are presently seen in the productive surface ocean. The high latitudes are regions with the greatest...
The Polar Archaeology Network: Illuminating Past Socio-Ecological Arctic Changes and Providing Data for Understanding and Responding to Present and Future Changes
Hans Peter Blankholm1, Maribeth S. Murray2, Bjarne Grønnow3, Debora Zurro4, Mikkel Myrup5Abstract:
1Institute of Archaeology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway, Phone +47-7764-4365, Hans.Petter.Blankholm@sv.uit.no
2Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757720, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-6751, ffmsm@uaf.edu
3SILA, National Museum of Denmark, Frederiksholm Kanal 12, Copenhagen, DK-1220, Denmark, Phone +45-3347-3440, Bjarne.Gronnow@natmus.dk
4Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Barcelona, Spain, debora@bicat.csic.es
5National Museum of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland, mikkel.myrup@natmus.gl
The archaeological study of past arctic changes is not inconsequential to resolving problems stemming from contemporary Arctic Change. Outside of the Arctic, archaeology has shown its potential for illuminating global and regional environmental change events, and for providing baseline data on ecosystems and on human systems that are relevant to...
Nutrients Budgets Investigation on the Chukchi Sea Shelf
Elena P. Bondareva1Abstract:
1Oceanology, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering Street, Saint Petersburg, 199397, Russia, Phone +78-123-52-2321, lena_kirillova@mail.ru
We have archived hydrological (temperature and salinity) and hydrochemical (nutrients and oxygen) data collected from Russian observations in the Chukchi Sea spanning the period from 1922 to the early 1990s. A major focus for research relates to understanding how the Pacific waters entering into the Chukchi Sea influence physical and...
RussiaÕs North Sea Route and Northern Marine Transport
Lawson W. Brigham1Abstract:
1U.S. Arctic Research Commission, 420 L Street, Suite 315, Anchorage, AK, 99501, USA, Phone 907-271-4577, Fax 907-271-4578, usarc@acsalaska.net
The Russian maritime Arctic includes the Barents Sea region and the Northern Sea Route (NSR) stretching from Kara Gate to Bering Strait. During the Soviet era, a huge fleet of icebreakers and icebreaking cargo carriers were built to service the entire Russian Arctic and to provide visible, sustained marine presence...
Determining Organic Matter Sources for Methane Production and Bubbling from Alaskan Lakes Using Stable Isotopes and Radiocarbon Ages
Laura S. Brosius1, Katey M. Walter2, Dragos A. Vas3Abstract:
1Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757500, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-2715, fnlsb2@uaf.edu
2Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99725, USA, Phone 907-474-6095, Fax 907-474-7979, ftkmw1@uaf.edu
3University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 755910, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Fax 907-474-6686, fsdav2@uaf.edu
Methane (CH4) ebullition from northern lakes has recently been recognized as a globally significant source of atmospheric CH4, a potent greenhouse gas. This conclusion is based on the extrapolation of results from a few detailed studies of ebullition dynamics in lakes in Siberia, Scandinavia, and the Midwestern U.S. The magnitude,...
Gateway to the Arctic: The University of Delaware's William S. Carlson International Polar Year Events
Tracey L. Bryant1Abstract:
1Research Communications, University of Delaware, Office of Public Relations, 105 East Main Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, Phone 302-831-8185, Fax 302-831-1440, tbryant@udel.edu
This poster highlights the University of Delaware's efforts to engage the public in learning more about the Arctic (and Antarctic) through the William S. Carlson International Polar Year Events. Launched in February 2008 at UD, the series is named after William S. Carlson, former president of UD from 1946-1950, and...
ARCUS Internet Media Archive (IMA): A Resource for Outreach and Education
Tina M. Buxbaum1, Wendy K. Warnick2Abstract:
1Project Manager, ARCUS, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709-3710, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, tina@arcus.org
2Executive Director, ARCUS, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
The ARCUS Internet Media Archive (IMA) is a collection of photos, graphics, videos, and presentations about the Arctic that are shared through the Internet. It provides the arctic research community and the public at large with a centralized location where images and video pertaining to polar research can be browsed...
Public Perceptions of Climate Tipping Point Information: The Case of Santa Barbara
Bruce Caron1Abstract:
1The New Media Studio, New Media Research Institute, 417 Samarkand Drive, Santa Barbara, CA, 93105, USA, Phone 805-568-0115, Fax 805-966-1100, bruce@tnms.org
This talk will outline lessons learned from a public-art-based climate-change awareness/education project. In the summer of 2006 a group of Santa Barbara, California residents decided to catalyze public awareness of the future impacts of human-induced climate change (HICC) by marking these future impacts on the built environment. Marking the future...
How We Know What We Know About Our Changing Climate: Scientists and Kids Explore Global Warming
Lynne Cherry1, Gary Braasch2Abstract:
1PO Box 127, Thurmont, MD, 21788, lncherry@aol.com
2Gary Braasch Photography, Portland, OR, 97207, USA, Phone 503-699-6666, gary@braaschphotography.com
Published by Dawn Publications, 2008. For grades 4-9. Teacher Guide also available.
Website: http://www.howweknowclimatechange.com
Robert Coontz, deputy editor of Science Magazine wrote: "This beautiful and informative book fills a major gap in environmental writing for children. It covers a wide range of research, defining technical terms gracefully and naturally...
Assessing Knowledge, Resilience and Adaptation, and Policy Needs in Northern Russian Villages Experiencing Unprecedented Climate Change
Susan A. Crate1Abstract:
1Environmental Science & Policy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS 5F2, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA, Phone 703-993-1517, scrate1@gmu.edu
An urgent challenge of the 21st century is to understand levels of knowledge, resilience and adaptation, and policy needs in populations confronting the local effects of unprecedented Global Climate Change (GCC). This project represents a novel approach to these ends by advancing knowledge through partnering with rural native Viliui Sakha...
Effects of Environmental Variations on Spatial Distribution of Groundfish in the Northern Bering Sea
Xuehua Cui1, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier2, Lee W. Cooper3, James R. Lovvorn4, Christopher A. North5, Jason M. Kolts6Abstract:
1Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 3700 Sutherland Avenue Apartment R11, Knoxville, TN, 37919, USA, Phone 865-603-3024, xcui1@utk.edu
2Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Drive, Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA, Phone 865-974-2925, Fax 865-974-7896, jgrebmei@utk.edu
3Chesapeake Bay Laboratory, University of Maryland, Center for Environmental Science, PO Box 38, Solomons, MD, 20688, USA, Phone 410-326-7359, Fax 410-326-7302, cooper@cbl.umces.edu
4Department of Zoology, University of Wyoming, PO Box 3166, Laramie, WY, 82071-3166, USA, Phone 307-766-6100, Fax 307-766-5625, lovvorn@uwyo.edu
5no contact info
62024 East Sheridan Street, Laramie, WY, 82070, USA, JKolts@uwyo.edu
The Bering Sea is undergoing a northward biogeographical shift as a result of atmospheric and hydrographic forcing that may be climate related. Recent environmental change in the Arctic has been dramatic, and the most obvious evidence has been the reduced extent and earlier melting of seasonal pack ice. Bottom water...
Arctic Health and a Changing Physical Environment: New Perspectives on Increased UVB, Ozone Depletion and Increased Warming.
Edward C. De Fabo1Abstract:
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, DC, 20037, USA, Phone 202-994-3975, Fax 202-994-0409, drmecd@gwumc.edu
Global climate change has two major components: global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion (SOD). While most interest currently is on global warming the polar environments are also very sensitive to changes in SOD more so than other regions. A common perception is that stratospheric ozone depletion is no...
Influence of Environmental Conditions on the Community Structure of Eukaryotic Sea Ice Microbiota
Brian J. Eddie1, Christopher Krembs2, Andrew Juhl3, Susanne Neuer4Abstract:
1School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA, Phone 480-965-2950, Brian.Eddie@asu.edu
2Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington, Box 355640, 1013 Northeast 40th Street, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA, Phone 206-685-0272, ckrembs@apl.washington.edu
3Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA, Phone 845-365-8837, andyjuhl@ldeo.colombia.edu
4School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA, Phone 480-727-7254, Susanne.Neuer@asu.edu
Sea ice microbial community structure affects carbon and nutrient cycling in polar seas, but its susceptibility to changing environmental conditions is not well understood. Here we studied the eukaryotic microbial community in sea ice cores recovered from 3 locations near Point Barrow, AK in May 2006 by documenting its...
Climate Change, Tipping Points, and the Media
Erika Engelhaupt1Abstract:
1Environmental Science and Technology, 1155 16th Street, Northwest, Washington, DC, 20002, USA, Phone 202-872-6195, Fax 202-872-4403, e_engelhaupt@acs.org
The tipping point concept provides a useful case study of some of the pitfalls in media coverage of climate change. Scientists use the term “tipping point” in various ways to describe changes in climate, and others use it in entirely different ways to describe shifts in policy focus or media...
Tundra Vegetation Properties Along a Latitudinal Gradient of the Yamal Region of Russia
Howard E. Epstein1, Donald A. Walker2, Patrick Kuss3, Elina Kaarlejavi4, Georgy Matyshak5Abstract:
1Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4123, USA, Phone 434-924-4308, Fax 434-982-2137, hee2b@virginia.edu
2Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7000, USA, Phone 907-474-2460, Fax 907-474-2459, ffdaw@uaf.edu
3Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7000, USA, Phone 907-474-2459, Fax 907-474-7666, Patrick.Kuss@unibas.ch
4Lehtotie 4, Rauna, Lappland, 97700, Finland, Phone +358-50-5608-66, elina.kaarlejarvi@gmail.com
5Department of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leminskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia, matyshak@ps.msu.ru
An understanding of land-atmosphere interactions and biogeochemical cycling in any system is predicated by knowledge of the spatial distribution of vegetation properties, and the capacity for vegetation to exchange carbon and water between the land and the atmosphere. In many regions of the Siberian arctic tundra, this baseline information...
Sustaining the Bering Ecosystem: A Social Science Research Plan
Ben Fitzhugh1, Henry Huntington2, Mary Pete3, Jennifer Sepez4Abstract:
1Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, PO Box 353100, Seattle, WA, 98195-3100, USA, Phone 206-543-9604, Fax 206-543-3285, fitzhugh@u.washington.edu
2Huntington Consulting, 23834 The Clearing Drive, Eagle River, AK, 99577, USA, Phone 907-696-3564, Fax 907-696-3565, hph@alaska.net
3Kuskokwim Campus, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 368, Bethel, AK, 99559, USA, Phone 907-543-4589, lfmcp@uaf.edu
4Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA), 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Building 4, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA, Phone 206-526-6546, Fax 206-526-4004, jennifer.sepez@noaa.gov
The Bering Sea is changing from an ice-dominated to an increasingly open water system. The over-arching goal of the NSF-supported Bering Ecosystem Study (BEST) is to understand the effects of climate variability and change on the Bering Sea ecosystem. To the people who are simultaneously a part of that ecosystem...
Changes in Terrestrial Ecosystems in Response to a Decade of Warming
Mads C. Forchhammer1Abstract:
1National Environmental Research Institute, University of Aarhus, Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark, Phone +45-46-30-19-15, mcf@dmu.dk
Over the last decade, pronounced and unprecedented changes in spring snow melt and summer temperature has been recorded in a high arctic ecosystem. In response, plants, insects and birds displayed considerable plasticity in the annual timing of reproduction. On average, flowering of plants, emerging of insects and egg-laying of birds...
Coming to Terms with the Future of Northern Food Systems
Craig Gerlach1, Philip A. Loring2, Tom Paragi3Abstract:
1Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757720, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-6752, Fax 907-474-7453, ffscg@uaf.edu
2Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757720, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-7051, ftpal@uaf.edu
3Division of Wildlife Conservation, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA, Phone 907-459-7327, Fax 907-452-6410, tom_paragi@fishgame.state.ak.us
Alaska’s communities, both rural and urban, are engaged in times of rapid social and ecological change, with changes driven by both extreme events (rapid change) and by cumulative effects (gradual change). The state is experiencing dramatic economic, cultural, and demographic restructuring. In a global context of rising food and...
Designing a Database for the Archiving of Spectral Data Collected Using an Automated Tram System
Santonu Goswami1, Kuldeep Matharasi2, John Gamon3, Craig E. Tweedie4Abstract:
1Environmental Science and Engineering , University of Texas El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA, Phone 915-747-7314, sgoswami2@miners.utep.edu
2Bioinformatics, University of Texas El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA, Phone 915-747-7314, kuldeep22011984@yahoo.com
3Department of Biology, California State University, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA, Phone 323-343-2066, jgamon@calstatela.edu
4Biology and Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA, Phone 915-747-8448, ctweedie@utep.edu
Ecologists and Environmental Scientists collect a huge amount of data from different field sites trying to find an answer to a research question. One of the main challenges faced by Ecologists and Environmental Scientists is the proper archiving of data and making it available for researchers in the future. ...
The Future of the Arctic Council in View of the Incoming Climate Change
Md Waliul Hasanat1Abstract:
1The Northern Institute for Environmental and Minority Law, The Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, PO Box 122, Rovaniemi, 96101, Finland, Phone +358-16-3412771, Fax +358-16-3412777, waliul.hasanat@ulapland.fi
Soft-law instruments have been developed over three decades, some of which have created permanent cooperation among states. The Arctic Council is a permanent forum created by eight Arctic states to promote environmental protection and sustainable development in the Arctic. Climate change, however, is seriously affecting the main objectives of the...
Sovereignty and Security in the New Arctic: The Coming Blizzard
Robert Huebert1Abstract:
1Department of Political Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada, Phone 403-220-3995, Fax 403-282-4773, rhuebert@ucalgary.ca
The Arctic is transforming. The twin processes of climate change and resource development will fundamentally change the north. In addition new geopolitical realities are rewriting the boundaries of the north. There are many opportunities that come with these developments, but there will also be great challenges. What security and sovereignty...
The U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facilities on the North Slope of Alaska
Mark D. Ivey1, Bernard D. Zak2, Jeffrey A. Zirzow3Abstract:
1Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0755, 1515 Eubank Southeast, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA, Phone 505-284-9092, MDIvey@sandia.gov
2Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0755, 1515 Eubank Southeast, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA, Phone 505-845-8631, BDZak@sandia.gov
3Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0755, 1515 Eubank Southeast, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA, Phone 505-284-4446, JAZirzo@sandia.gov
Since 1998, the ACRF (ARM Climate Research Facility) North Slope of Alaska (NSA) site, with instrumented facilities near the towns of Barrow and Atqasuk, has provided data about cloud and radiative processes at high latitudes. Campaign-scale atmospheric measurements in the Arctic for research activities funded by the DOE ARM Program...
Arctic Research Mapping Application (ARMAP): 2D Maps and 3D Globes Support Arctic Science
George W. Johnson1, Allison G. Gaylord2, Jerald Brady3, Ryan Cody4, Mike Dover5, Diana Garcia-Lavigne6, Roberta Score7, William F. Manley8, Craig E. Tweedie9Abstract:
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA, Phone 915-747-5844, Fax 915-747-5808, gjohnson@miners.utep.edu
2Nuna Technologies, PO Box 1483, Homer, AK, 99603, USA, Phone 907-235-3476, nunatech@usa.net
3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
5CH2MHill, 6399 South Fiddlers Green Circle, Suite 500, Greenwood Village, CO, 80111, USA, Phone 303-984-1450, Fax 303-984-1445, mike.dover@veco.com
6CH2MHill, 8110 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO, 80127, USA
7CH2MHill, 8110 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO, 80127, USA
8Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 450, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-735-1300, Fax 303-492-6388, william.manley@colorado.edu
9Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA, Phone 915-747-8448, Fax 915-747-5808, ctweedie@upep.edu
The Arctic Research Mapping Application (ARMAP) is a suite of interactive, online mapping programs for field-based scientific research in the Arctic. Users can navigate to areas of interest and explore hundreds of active research projects by location, year, funding program, investigator, discipline, keywords, and other variables. Project information is displayed...
Marine Mammals and Diminishing Ice: Slow Science on a Faster Earth
Brendan P. Kelly1Abstract:
1Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Room 755 South, Arlington, VA, 22230, USA, Phone 703-292-7434, Fax 703-292-9079, bkelly@nsf.gov
Continent-sized expanses of sea ice have structured marine mammal populations by adding three-dimensional complexity to the environment, providing refugia from predation, and erecting barriers to gene flow. Cetaceans and pinnipeds have adapted to specialized niches in seasonal sea ice, and the latter have achieved their greatest diversity in polar seas....
Lichen Recovery Following Heavy Grazing by Reindeer Delayed by Climate Warming
David R. Klein1, Martha Shulski2Abstract:
1Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-6674, Fax 907-474-6967, ffdrk@uaf.edu
2Alaska Climate Research Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-7885, fnmds1@uaf.edu
Introduced reindeer, Rangifer tarandus, heavily exploited lichen-rich plant communities on St. Matthew Island in the Bering Sea. A die-off of the reindeer followed, exacerbated by extreme weather in 1964, resulting in extirpation of the reindeer. By 1985, two decades following die-off of the reindeer, total lichen biomass was...
Landscape Change in the Russian Arctic: Ecological Implications of the Petroleum Industry to the Nenets Reindeer Herding in Yamal Peninsula
Timo Kumpula1, Bruce C. Forbes2, Florian Stammler3Abstract:
1Department of Geography, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, Joensuu, FI-80101, Finland, Phone +358-13-2514563, Fax +358-13-2513454, timo.kumpula@joensuu.fi
2Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, PO Box 122, Rovaniemi, FI-96101, Finland, Phone +358-16341-2710, Fax +358-16341-2777, bforbes@ulapland.fi
3Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, PO Box 122, Rovaniemi, FI-96101, Finland, Phone +358-16-3412717, Fax +358-16-3412777, florian.stammler@ulapland.fi
The aim of the this research is to assess the capacity for satellite imagery in detecting different natural and anthropogenic land cover changes in the vicinity of a modern petroleum extraction development in the Russian Arctic. The Yamal Peninsula in northwest Siberia contains some of the largest untapped deposits known...
Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science
Michael A. Lang1, Igor Krupnik2, Scott E. Miller3Abstract:
1Office of the Under Secretary for Science, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012-MRC 009, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA, Phone 202-633-6887, langm@si.edu
2Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 37012-MRC 112, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA, Phone 202-633-1901, krupniki@si.edu
3Office of the Under Secretary for Science, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012-MRC 009, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA, Phone 202-633-5132, millers@si.edu
The Smithsonian Institution convened a polar science symposium May 3–4, 2007, as one of the inaugural U.S. contributions to celebrate the International Polar Year (IPY) 2007–2008. “Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science" presented research findings by Smithsonian scholars and their collaborators on Arctic and Antarctic research,...
Under-Ice Research: Results of the Svalbard International Polar Diving Workshop
Michael A. Lang1, Martin D.J. Sayer2Abstract:
1Office of the Under Secretary for Science, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012-MRC 009, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA, Phone 202-633-6887, langm@si.edu
2NERC Facility for Scientific Diving, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban Argyll, AK, PA371QA, Scotland, Phone +44-778-8923482, martin.sayer@sams.ac.uk
Approximately four decades ago, scientists were first able to enter the undersea polar environment to make biological observations for a nominal period of time. Since those first ice dives in wetsuits without buoyancy compensators and double-hose regulators without submersible pressure gauges, technology has advanced. Today’s scientific ice...
The Role of Alaska Native Elders in the Cultural Resilience of Native Communities
Jordan Lewis1Abstract:
1Department of Psychology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 70351, Fairbanks, AK, 99707, USA, Phone 907-474-7573, Fax 907-474-5451, ftjpl@uaf.edu
Native communities are working towards strengthening their traditional cultures and values, whether through elders teaching in the classroom, or the inclusion of traditional knowledge in school-based curriculums. Efforts of this nature demonstrate the community's resiliency, or their ability to sustain themselves in rapidly changing society. The key actors...
Large Scale Tipping Points, Small Scale Societies
Philip A. Loring1, S. Craig Gerlach2Abstract:
1Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757720, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-7051, ftpal@uaf.edu
2Alaska Center for Climqte Assessment and Policy, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757720, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-3652, ffscg@uaf.edu
Much has been made of the question of large-scale, ecological tipping points in the arctic system, with important work being done to identify where they may have already been experienced, how they might be avoided, and to anticipate how they will impact arctic peoples. This last question, how ecological tipping...
Development of Cyberinfrastructure During Rapid and Interconnected Change
Dan Lubin1Abstract:
1Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, 22230, USA, Phone 703-292-7416, dlubin@nsf.gov
The numerous challenges with researching and solving current problems in high latitude climate change include (1) requirements for effective communication and data sharing across a wide variety of disciplines, (2) technical and sociological aspects of international collaboration, and (3) the often highly disciplinary-focused nature of polar field work itself. Nearly...
Well Adapted But Still Extinct: Norse Greenland in New Perspective
Thomas H. McGovern1, Andrew P. Dugmore2, Christian Keller3, Konrad Smiarowski4Abstract:
1Anthropology , North Atlantic Biocultural Organization, Department of Anthropology, Hunter College CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA, Phone 215-297-0373, Fax 212-772-5423, nabo@voicenet.com
2Institute of Geography, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Scotland, UK , Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK, Phone +44-131-650-815, andrew.dugmore@ed.ac.uk
3IKOS, University of Oslo, PO Box 1010, Blindern, Oslo, 0315 , Norway, christian.keller@ikos.uio.no
4Anthropology, CUNY Graduate Center, 695 Park Avenue, New York City , NY, 10021, USA, nabo@voicenet.com
The end of Norse Greenland settlement is widely associated with the climate changes of the "Little Ice Age", environmental destruction and an inability to adapt. However, new evidence presents a picture of Norse sustainable resource use and successful adaptation, to climate change—successful adaptation which may have become part of the...
Offshore Leasing, Seismic and Drilling in Beaufort and Chukchi Seas, Arctic Ocean, Alaska and Polar Pear Habitats: GIS Mapping for Public Policy Decisions
Pamela A. Miller1, Alan Baldivieso2Abstract:
1Northern Alaska Environmental Center, 830 College Road, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA, Phone 907-452-5021, Fax 907-452-3100, pam@northern.org
2Alaska Center for the Environment, 807 G Street, Suite 100, Anchorage, AK, 99501, USA, Phone 907-274-3621, Fax 907-274-8733, alan@akcenter.org
Clear information about living marine resources and sources of potential impact from oil and gas activities like seismic exploration, drilling, pipelines, and ports is necessary for informed public policy. We have compiled existing and planned infrastructure and lease sales for Alaska’s North Slope and overlaid this with sensitive habitat information...
The International Study of Arctic Change (ISAC)
Maribeth S. Murray1, Michael Tjernström2Abstract:
1International Study of Arctic Change, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Lilla Frescativagen 4, Stockholm, Sweden, Phone 907-474-6751, ffmsm@uaf.edu
2Chair, International Study of Arctic Change, Science Steering Group, Stockholm, Sweden, Phone +46-816-3110, michaelt@misu.su.se
The International Study of arctic change (ISAC) is a long-term, international, interdisciplinary science program. ISAC will provide an integrated understanding of Arctic change and projections for future change. Understanding the nature and extent of the system-scale change presently observed in all domains of the Arctic, and facilitating projections of their...
Arctic Science Discoveries
National Science Foundation1Abstract:
1Office of Polar Programs, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, 22230, USA, http://www.nsf.gov/od/opp/
Our understanding of the Arctic has increased enormously over the past five decades of intense research, but much remains to be learned, and new discoveries await researchers who study this unique region. The Arctic Sciences Section of the National Science Foundation funds basic research of the Arctic through the...
Discovery, Understanding, Teaching, Learning
National Science Foundation1Abstract:
1Office of Polar Programs, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, 22230, USA, http://www.nsf.gov/od/opp/
NSF commitment: The National Science Foundation seeks to advance learning and discovery in science and engineering, to nurture emerging fields, to prepare the next generation of scientific talent, and to ensure that all Americans understand what science and technology have to offer.
Community involvement: The Foundation's commitment...
The International Polar Year
National Science Foundation1Abstract:
1Office of Polar Programs, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, 22230, USA, http://www.nsf.gov/od/opp/
The International Polar Year 2007-2008 is envisioned to be an intense, coordinated field campaign of polar observations, research, and analysis that will be multidisciplinary in scope and international in participation. IPY 2007-2008 will provide framework and impetus to undertake projects that normally could not be achieved by any single nation....
The University of Delaware's W. S. Carlson International Polar Year Events: History, Scope and Organization
Frederick E. Nelson1Abstract:
1Department of Geography, University of Delaware, 216 Pearson Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, Phone 302-831-0852, Fax 302-831-6654, fnelson@udel.edu
The University of Delaware has maintained a strong presence in cold-regions research since the mid-1940s, when William Samuel Carlson, a highly accomplished Arctic explorer, military strategist, and earth scientist, was named 20th President (1946–50) of the University. Carlson played leading roles in two of the University of Michigan's Greenland expeditions...
Climate Change in High-Latitude Forests: Effect of Global Warming and CO2 Fertilization on Natural Populations of Black and White Spruce
Elizabeth A. Nelson1, Sean C. Thomas2Abstract:
1Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5A 4T3, Canada, Phone 416-948-3162, liz.nelson@utoronto.ca
2Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B3, Canada, Phone 416-978-1044, Fax 416-978-3834, sc.thomas@utoronto.ca
Global increases in temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration are predicted to enhance tree growth in the short term, but studies of current impacts of climate change on Canada’s forests are limited. This study examined the effects of increasing temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration on tree ring growth in south-east Yukon,...
The Advancement of Exploration Along Scientific Lines: American Geographical Society Involvement in Arctic Research and Exploration
Frederick E. Nelson1Abstract:
1Department of Geography, University of Delaware, 216 Pearson Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, Phone 302-831-0852, Fax 302-831-6654, fnelson@udel.edu
The American Geographical Society (AGS) has been closely involved in polar research and exploration since its inception in 1851, beginning with sponsorship of mid-nineteenth century expeditions by Kane, Hayes, Schwatka, and others. The Society played a major role in the expeditions of Admiral Robert Peary, who served as AGS President...
The Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM II) Program: Recent Initiatives and Results
Frederick E. Nelson1, Nikolay I. Shiklomanov2, Dmitri A. Streletskiy3, Kenneth M. Hinkel4, Jerry Brown5Abstract:
1Department of Geography, University of Delaware, 216 Pearson Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, Phone 302-831-0852, Fax 302-831-6654, fnelson@udel.edu
2Department of Geography, University of Delaware, 216 Pearson Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, Phone 302-831-1314, Fax 302-831-6654, shiklom@udel.edu
3Department of Geography, University of Delaware, 216 Pearson Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, Fax 302-831-6654, strelets@udel.edu
4Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210131, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0131, USA, Phone 513-556-3430, Fax 513-556-3370, kenneth.hinkel@uc.edu
5International Permafrost Association, PO Box 7, Woods Hole, MA, 02543-0007, USA, Phone 508-457-4982, jerrybrown@igc.org
The Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) program, established in the early 1990s, is designed to observe temporal and spatial variability of the active layer, near-surface permafrost parameters, and their response to changes and variations in climatic conditions. The CALM network involves 14 participating countries and is comprised of 168 sites...
NORSAGA: A Project for IPY
Astrid E.J. Ogilvie1, William P. Patterson2, Ingibjorg Jonsdottir3, Niels Einarsson4, Oyvind Nordli5Abstract:
1INSTAAR, University of Colorado Boulder, 1560 30th Street, CB 450, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA, Phone 303-492-6072, Fax 303-492-6388, Astrid.Ogilvie@colorado.edu
2Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada, Phone 306-966-5691, Fax 306-966-8593, Bill.Patterson@usask.ca
3Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja 337, Sturlugotu 7, Reyjavik, 101, Iceland, Phone +354-525-4397, Fax +354-525-4499, ij@hi.is
4Stefansson Arctic Institute, Borgum vid Nordurslod, Akureyri, 600, Iceland, Phone +354-463-0581, Fax +354-463-0589, ne@unak.is
5Norwegian Meteorological Office, PO Box 43, Blindern, Oslo, 0313, Norway, Phone +47-22-96-30-00, Fax +47-22-96-30-50, Oyvind.Nordli@met.no
The project NORSAGA is an international collaborative study which brings together a blend of social and natural science skills contributed by a team of researchers from the United States, Iceland, and Canada, in response to the 2005 European Science Foundation BOREAS competition (http://www.esf.org; Klein et al., 2007). It is also...
Climate Change and Marine Mammal Conservation Policy
Timothy J. Ragen1Abstract:
1Marine Mammal Commission, 4340 East West Highway, Suite 905, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA, Phone 301-504-0087, Fax 301-504-0099, tragen@mmc.gov
A tipping point can occur when the rate of change in one factor varies depending on a second, related factor. Although they can be defined in esoteric, mathematical terms, tipping points are common in virtually all aspects of our lives. Climate change can be viewed as a phenomenon with at...
A Baseline Study for Long-Term Acoustic Monitoring in the Arctic Ocean: Ambient Noise Measurements, Environmental Correlates, and Bioacoustics North of Barrow, Alaska
Ethan H. Roth1, Josh Jones2, John A. Hildebrand3, Sean M. Wiggins4Abstract:
1Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego / SIO MC 0205, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92092, USA, Phone 858-822-1836, ehroth@ucsd.edu
2Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego / SIO MC 0205, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92092, USA, Phone 858-822-5786, j8jones@ucsd.edu
3Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego / SIO MC 0205, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92092, USA, Phone 858-534-4069, Fax 858-534-6849, jhildebrand@ucsd.edu
4Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego / SIO MC 0205, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92092, USA, Phone 858-822-2744, swiggins@ucsd.edu
Communities and researchers in the Arctic have observed drastic alterations in sea ice dynamics that have already begun to disturb the marine ecosystem. While the decline of sea ice will directly affect marine mammals and Arctic Native people, increases in ambient sound and changes in acoustic propagation could also have...
Arctic Climate Change: Where Reality Exceeds Expectations
Mark C. Serreze1Abstract:
1Cooperative Institute for Environmental Studies, National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309-0449, USA, Phone 303-492-2963, Fax 303-492-2468, serreze@kryos.colorado.edu
It was probably around the year 2000 when it became clear that the changes unfolding in the Arctic were too persistent and coherent among different parts of the system to be dismissed as natural climate fluctuations. The issue today is coming to grips with the rapidity of change. In many...
Elevation Change of Drangajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, from Cloud-Cleared ICESat Profiles and GPS Ground-Survey Data
Christopher A. Shuman1, Oddur Sigurðsson2, Jóna Finndís Jónsdóttir3, Richard S. Williams, Jr.4, Dorothy K. Hall5Abstract:
1Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County - Code 698, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Building 33, Room A210, Greenbelt, MD, 20770, USA, Phone 301-614-5706, Fax 301-614-5644, Christopher.A.Shuman@nasa.gov
2Hydrologic Service, Iceland National Energy Authority, Grensasvegi 9, Reykjavík, IS-108, Iceland, osig@os.is
3Hydrological Service, Iceland National Energy Authority, Reykjavík, IS-108, Iceland
4Woods Hole Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA, 02540, USA, rswilliams@usgs.gov
5Cryospheric Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 614.1, Greenbelt, MD, 20770, USA, dorothy.k.hall@nasa.gov
Located on the Vestfirdir (Northwest Fjords), Drangajökull is the northernmost ice cap in Iceland. Currently, the ice cap exceeds 900 m in elevation, has an area of ~146 km2, has apparently decreased in area from about 160 km2 a few decades ago, and to has lost mass since the early...
Arctic Sea Ice Now and in the Future
Julienne C. Stroeve1, Sheldon Drobot2, Shari Gearheard3, Marika Holland4, James Maslanik5, Walter Meier6, Ted Scambos7, Mark Serreze8Abstract:
1NSIDC/CIRES, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-492-3584, Fax 303-492-2468, stroeve@kryos.colorado.edu
2CCAR, University of Colorado, Box 431, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-492-8143, drobot@colorado.edu
3NSIDC/CIRES, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 867-924-6555, sharig@qiniq.com
4Climate and Global Dynamics Division, NCAR, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307, USA, Phone 303-497-1734, mholland@ucar.edu
5CCAR, University of Colorado, Campus Box 431 CCAR, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-492-8974, james.maslanik@colorado.edu
6NSIDC/CIRES, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-492-6508, walt@nsidc.org
7NSIDC/CIRES, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-492-1113, teds@icehouse.colorado.edu
8NSIDC/CIRES, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA, Phone 303-492-2963, serreze@kryos.colorado.edu
In summer 2007, the arctic sea ice extent shrank by more than one and a half million km2. Compared to sea ice conditions in the 1950s to 1970s, this loss represented a 50% reduction in the area of the Arctic Ocean covered by sea ice at the end of the...
Water Stress at the Arctic Treeline: Importance of Parent Material Depth and Atmospheric Drought
Patrick Sullivan1, Bjartmar Sveinbjörnsson2Abstract:
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA, Phone 907-522-4828, paddy@uaa.alaska.edu
2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA, afbs@uaa.alaska.edu
The water relations of white spruce (Picea glauca) have been monitored during two contrasting growing seasons on a riverside terrace in Noatak National Preserve (67°29’N, 162°13’W). The terrace is capped with a layer of silt and sand, which grades from depths of 12 to 48 cm. White spruce...
Heterogeneity of Shrub Expansion in the Arctic
Ken Tape1Abstract:
1Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 80425, Fairbanks, AK, 99708, USA, Phone 907-374-9000, Fax 907-353-5142, fnkdt@uaf.edu
A multitude of evidence suggests that deciduous shrubs are replacing low-growing tundra vegetation in many regions of the Arctic, including Alaska. This shift in vegetation represents the major landscape change underway in the Arctic and is profoundly altering a host of ecosystem processes. Repeat photography shows that while some areas...
The Causes of Greenland's Record Surface Melt in 2007
Marco Tedesco1, Xavier Fettweis2, Mark Serreze3Abstract:
1Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City University of New York and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 138th Street and Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10024, USA, Phone 212-650-5188, mtedesco@sci.ccny.cuny.edu
2Institute d'Astronomie et de Geophysique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 2 Chemin du Cyclotron, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium, Phone +32-10-47-33-02, Fax +32-10-47-47-22, xavier.fettweis@ulg.ac.be
3National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309-0449, USA, Phone 303-492-2963, Fax 303-492-2468, serreze@kryos.colorado.edu
Observing snow melt extent and duration over the Greenland Ice Sheet is fundamental for understanding how Greenland is contributing to current sea level rise and affecting Earth’s energy budget. Some of the liquid water from snowmelt flows into the ocean, directly contributing to sea level rise, while other water percolates...
PolarTREC—Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating: Classroom Activities and Learning Resources
Kristin M.F. Timm1, Janet Warburton2, Wendy K. Warnick3Abstract:
1Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, kristin@arcus.org
2Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, warburton@arcus.org
3Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
This display highlights a variety of learning resources created by PolarTREC teachers, as well as classroom activities that students completed in conjunction with various PolarTREC expeditions. Projects include educational activities, artwork, songs, movies, and other student projects.
Contributions come from:
• Hanna High School, Brownsville, Texas
• Barrett Elementary School,...
PolarTREC—Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating: Classrooms & Communities Experience the Polar Regions—PolarTREC Outreach Success
Kristim M.F. Timm1, Janet Warburton2, Wendy K. Warnick3Abstract:
1Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, kristin@arcus.org
2Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, warburton@arcus.org
3Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
PolarTREC—Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating, a program of the Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS), is a National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded International Polar Year (IPY) project in which K-12 teachers participate in polar research working closely with scientists as a pathway to improving science education. Before, during,...
Monitoring Change in the Arctic: Use of the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Marine Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB)
Stacy S. Vander Pol1, Paul R. Becker2, Rusty D. Day3, Jocelyn R. Flanary4, Jennifer M. Keller5, John R. Kucklick6, Amanda J. Moors7, David Point8, Rebecca S. Pugh9Abstract:
1Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8994, Fax 843-762-8742, stacy.vanderpol@nist.gov
2Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8861, Fax 843-762-8742, paul.becker@nist.gov
3Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8904, Fax 843-762-8742, rusty.day@nist.gov
4Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8977, Fax 843-762-8742, jocelyn.flanary@nist.gov
5Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8863, Fax 843-762-8742, jennifer.keller@nist.gov
6Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8866, Fax 843-762-8742, john.kucklick@nist.gov
7Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8953, Fax 843-762-8742, amanda.moors@nist.gov
8Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8906, Fax 843-762-8742, david.point@nist.gov
9Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, Phone 843-762-8952, Fax 843-762-8742, rebecca.pugh@nist.gov
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) maintains the cryogenic Marine Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) in Charleston, SC. This bank contains approximately 1700 Alaskan marine mammal tissue samples collected from 17 species since 1987 and approximately 1200 Alaskan seabird egg clutches, collected from five species, since 1999. ...
North American Arctic Transect: The Need for Baseline Observations Along an Extended Arctic Observation Network in Advance of Rapid Melting of the Perennial Ice Cover
Donald (Skip) A. Walker1Abstract:
1Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7000, USA, Phone 907-474-2460, ffdaw@uaf.edu
The broad vision for the network of terrestrial observatories includes both intensive ongoing observations at established flagship observatories and observations at a more widely dispersed network of sites that includes important areas of the Arctic that are not represented by the current network. It is also important to consider how...
Cumulative Impact Analysis on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia: A Blueprint for a Comparative Study in Northern Alaska?
Donald (Skip) A. Walker1, Bruce C. Forbes2, Florian Stammler3, Timo Kumpula4, Anatoli Gubarkov5, Elina Karlejaarvi6, Uma Bhatt7, Gary Kofinas8, Martha Raynolds9, Vladimir Romanovsky10, Patrick Kuss11, Marina Leibman12, Natalia Moskalenko13, Artem Khomutov14, George Matyshak15, Howie Epstein16, Qin Yu17, Jiong Jia18, Joey Comiso19, Jed Kaplan20Abstract:
1Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7000, USA, Phone 907-474-2460, Fax 907-474-2459, ffdaw@uaf.edu
2Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, PO Box 122, Rovaniemi, FIN-96101, Finland, Phone +358-16341-2710, Fax +358-16341-2777, bforbes@ulapland.fi
3Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, PO Box 122, Rovaniemi, FIN-96101, Finland, Phone +358-16-341-271, Fax +358-16-341-277, florian.stammler@ulapland.fi
4Department of Geography, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, Joensuu, FI-80101, Finland, Phone +358-0-13-251-4, timo.kumpula@joensuu.fi
5Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, Tyumen, Russia, agubarkov@mail.ru
6Earth Cryosphere Laboratory, Moscow, Russia
7Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK, 99709-7340, USA, Phone 907-474-2662, Fax 907-474-7290, bhatt@gi.alaska.edu
8Department of Resources Management and Institute of Arctic B, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99709-7000, USA, Phone 907-474-7078, Fax 907-474-6967, ffgpk@uaf.edu
9Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-6720, Fax 907-474-6967, fnmkr@uaf.edu
10Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7320, USA, Phone 907-474-7459, Fax 907-474-7290, ffver@uaf.edu
11Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks , AK, 99775-7000, USA, Phone 907-474-2459, Fax 907-474-7666, patrick.kuss@unibas.ch
12Earth Cryosphere Laboratory, Moscow, Russia, Phone +7-95135-9828, mleibman@online.ru
13Earth Cryosphere Laboratory, Vavilov Street 30/6, Moscow, 117982, Russia
14Earth Cryosphere Laboratory, Moscow, Russia
15Earth Cryosphere Laboratory, Moscow, Russia
16Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4123, USA, Phone 434-924-4308, Fax 434-982-2137, hee2b@virginia.edu
17Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 291 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA, Phone 434-924-0576, qinyu@virginia.edu
18TEA Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 40 Hua Yan Li, PO Box 9804, Bejing, 100029, China, jiong@tea.ac.cn
19Goddard Space Flight Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Greenbelt, MA, 20771, USA, Phone 301-614-5708, Fax 301-614-5644, comiso@joey.gsfc.nasa.gov
20Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Bern, Switzerland, jed.kaplan@ips.unibe.ch
Oil and gas activities over the past 30+ years have had profound effects on the social-ecological systems of the Yamal region of Russia and northern Alaska. Both regions are also undergoing rapid climate warming, with important ramifications for tundra vegetation and permafrost soils. Russian, and Finnish scientists are studying the...
Dipole Anomaly Drove the 2007 Arctic Sea Ice Minimum
Jia Wang1, Jinlun Zhang2Abstract:
1Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2205 Commonwealth Boulevard, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA, Phone 734-741-2281, Fax 734-741-2055, jia.wang@noaa.gov
2Polar Science Center, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th Street, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA, Phone 206-543-5569, zhang@apl.washington.edu
The record low Arctic sea ice in the summer of 2007 is found to be triggered by the Arctic Dipole Anomaly pattern. This local, second-leading mode in the Arctic produced a strong meridional wind anomaly that drove more sea ice out of the Arctic Ocean during the summer of 2007...
The Arctic Research Consortium of the United States
Wendy K. Warnick1, Helen V. Wiggins2Abstract:
1Executive Director, Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, warnick@arcus.org
2Director of Programs, Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, helen@arcus.org
The Arctic Research Consortium of the United States (ARCUS) is a nonprofit membership organization composed of universities and institutions that have a substantial commitment to research in the Arctic. ARCUS was formed in 1988 to serve as a forum for planning, facilitating, coordinating, and implementing interdisciplinary studies of the Arctic;...
PolarTREC—Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating: Innovative Science Education from the Poles to the World
Wendy K. Warnick1, Kristin M.F. Timm2, Janet Warburton3, Helen V. Wiggins4Abstract:
1Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
2Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, kristin@arcus.org
3Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, warburton@arcus.org
4Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, helen@arcus.org
PolarTREC—Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating, a program of the Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS), is a National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded International Polar Year (IPY) project in which K-12 teachers participate in polar research, working closely with scientists as a pathway to improving science education.
The PolarTREC...
Arctic Synthesis Collaboratory: A Virtual Organization for Transformative Research and Education on a Changing Arctic
Wendy K. Warnick1, Helen V. Wiggins2, Larry D. Hinzman3, Marika Holland4, Maribeth Murray5, Charles Vörösmarty6, Alysa J.K. Loring7Abstract:
1Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
2Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, helen@arcus.org
3International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757340, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-7331, Fax 907-474-1578, ffldh@uaf.edu
4Climate and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307, USA, Phone 303-497-1734, Fax 303-497-1700, mholland@ucar.edu
5Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757720, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-6751, Fax 907-474-7453, ffmsm@uaf.edu
6Water Systems Analysis Group, University of New Hampshire, Morse Hall, 39 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA, Phone 603-862-0850, Fax 603-862-0587, charles.vorosmarty@unh.edu
7Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, alysa@arcus.org
Scientific Rationale The rapid rate of arctic change and our incomplete understanding of the arctic system present the arctic community with a grand scientific challenge with three related issues. First, a wealth of observations now exists as disconnected data holdings, which must be coordinated and synthesized to fully detect and...
SEARCH: Study of Environmental Arctic Change—A System-scale, Cross-disciplinary, Long-term Arctic Research Program
Helen V. Wiggins1, Peter Schlosser2, Alysa J.K. Loring3, Wendy K. Warnick4Abstract:
1Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, helen@arcus.org
2Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Colombia University, PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA, Phone 845-365-8707, Fax 845-365-8176, schlosser@ldeo.colombia.edu
3Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, alysa@arcus.org
4Arctic Research Consortium of the US, 3535 College Road, Suite 101, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA, Phone 907-474-1600, Fax 907-474-1604, arcus@arcus.org
The Study of Environmental Arctic Change (SEARCH) is a multi-agency effort to observe, understand, and guide responses to changes in the arctic system. Interrelated environmental changes in the Arctic are affecting ecosystems and living resources and are impacting local and global communities and economic activities.
Under the SEARCH...
U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF) "Facilitating Collaborative Arctic Research"
Julie Wilson1, Erik A. Edlund2Abstract:
1Cooperative Grants Program, U.S. Civilian Research & Development, 1530 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 300, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA, Phone 703-526-9720, Fax 703-526-9721, jwilson@crdf.org
2Cooperative Grants Program, U.S. Civilian Research & Development, 1530 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 300, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA, Phone 703-526-9720, Fax 703-526-9721, eedlund@crdf.org
The U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) is a private, nonprofit, grant-making organization established in 1995 by the U.S. Government through the National Science Foundation. CRDF promotes international scientific and technical collaboration, primarily between the United States and Eurasia, through grants, technical resources, and training.
...
Evaluating Arctic Tundra System Responses to Climate Change and Grazing Disturbances: A Modeling Approach
Qin Yu1, Howard E. Epstein2Abstract:
1Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 291 McCormick Road, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA, Phone 434-924-0576, qinyu@virginia.edu
2Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 291 McCormick Road, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA, Phone 434-924-4308, hee2b@virginia.edu
Arctic terrestrial ecosystems are assumed to be one of the most sensitive systems, enduring low temperatures, short growing seasons and freeze-thaw dynamics. The comparatively slow rates of productivity and decomposition may make it particularly difficult for these systems to recover from disturbances. One major disturbance in arctic terrestrial systems is...
Breaking the Ice: From Land Claims to Tribal Sovereignty in the Arctic
Barry S. Zellen1Abstract:
1Center for Contemporary Conflict, Naval Postgraduate School, 164 Princeton Avenue, #4, Amherst, NY, 14226, USA, Phone 716-432-0037, bszellen@nps.edu
This poster presents the findings presented in my book, Breaking the Ice: From Land Claims to Tribal Sovereignty (Lexington Books, March 2008,) which presents a comparative history of Arctic land claims, and examines the evolution of the land claims model as the resolution of Native land claims migrated from Alaska...
On Thin Ice: Climate Change, Globalization and the Age of the Arctic
Barry S. Zellen1Abstract:
1Center for Contemporary Conflict, Naval Postgraduate School, 164 Princeton Avenue, #4, Amherst, NY, 14226, USA, Phone 716-432-0037, bszellen@nps.edu
This paper considers the convergence of two broad global trends on the Arctic region—continued economic globalization that integrates the world economies, and the accelerating pace of climate change that has led to longer ice-free summer shipping seasons in the Arctic and raises the possibility of a fully ice-free Arctic by...