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2002 ARCSS All-Hands Workshop | Abstracts

Abstracts are listed in alphabetical order by first author's last name.

Poster Abstracts

Presentation Abstracts

Cooper | Grebmeier | Huntington | MacDonald | Vörösmarty

List of Abstracts

Growth Rate of Lichen, Cetraria cucullata, Under Lengthened Growing Season and Soil Warming: A Climate Change Scenario

Lorraine E. Ahlquist¹, Steven F. Oberbauer²
¹Biology, Florida International University, P.O. Box 654607 Unit 37, Miami, FL, 33265, USA, Phone 305-968-6654, Fax 305-348-1968, chocbzee@aol.com
²Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Biology Dept., University Park, Miami, FL, 33199, USA, Phone 305-348-2580, Fax 305-348-1986, oberbaue@fiu.edu

Abstract:

In the Arctic, lichens contribute a large part of the total biomass and productivity. Lichens with cyanobacteria symbionts contribute significantly to nitrogen fixation and nutrient cycling. Lichens occur in food chains of a variety of invertebrates and some vertebrates. For example, lichens are an essential food for...

Snow-air transfer: investigating a missing link in a paradigm of atmospheric chemistry

Mary Albert¹, Jack Dibb², Paul Shepson³, Aaron Swanson⁴, Amanda Grannas⁵, Jan Bottenheim⁶
¹Geophysical Sciences Division, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Lab, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA, Phone 603-646-4422, Fax 603-646-4278, malbert@crrel.usace.army.mil
²Climate Change Research Group, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
³Departments of Chemistry and Earth Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
⁴Department of Chemistry, U.C. Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92967, USA
⁵Departments of Chemistry and Earth Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
⁶Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, Environment Canada, Downsview, Canada

Abstract:

Understanding the atmosphere-snow-firn-ice-ocean/land system is imperative for predicting the effects of future environmental change on the atmospheric composition of the Earth. Understanding the system is also necessary for interpreting the ice core record; chemical signatures in ice cores are used to infer ancient chemistry of the atmosphere. Recent exciting...

Dramatic Climatic and Vegetation Fluctuations in Northeast Siberia During the Last Glacial Cycle

Patricia Anderson¹, Beverly Johnson², Anatoly Lozhkin³, Paul Quay⁴, Tom Brown⁵, Glenn Berger⁶, Linda Brubaker⁷
¹Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Box 351360, Seattle , WA, 98195-1360, USA, Phone 206-685-7682, Fax 206-543-3836, pata@u.washington.edu
²Department of Geology, Bates College, 214 Carnegie Science, Lewiston, ME, 04240, USA, Phone 207-786-6062, bjohnso3@bates.edu
³North East Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Russian Academy of Science, 16 Portovaya St, Magadan, 685000, Russia, lozhkin@neisri.magadan.ru
⁴School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Box 357940, Seattle, WA, 98915, USA, pdquay@u.washington.edu
⁵Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, LLNL L-397, PO BOX 808 , 7000 East Avenue , Livermore, CA, 94551, USA, tabrown@llnl.gov
⁶Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV, 89512-1095, USA, gwberger@dri.edu
⁷College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA, lbru@u.washington.edu

Abstract:

One of the most startling and exciting findings in late Quaternary studies is that the climatic system is capable of changing radically and rapidly. These dramatic temperature oscillations were originally defined from Greenland ice cores and show ranges of variations up to 15-20°C. Over the last ~11.8 to 110...

Holocene Climate from Arctic Lake Sediment, Yukon Territory, Canada

Lesleigh Anderson¹, Mark B. Abbott², Bruce P. Finney³, Mary E. Edwards⁴
¹Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone (413) 545-2286, Fax (413) 545-1200, land@geo.umass.edu
²Department of Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, 321 Engineering Hall, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA, Phone (412) 624-1408, Fax (412) 624-3914, mabbott1@pitt.edu
³Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-7724, Fax (907) 474-7204, finney@ims.uaf.edu
⁴Institue of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, mary.edwards@svt.ntnu.no

Abstract:

High frequency climate variability in the northwest Arctic is a mystery relative to our understanding of the region's climate on millennial time-scales. This hinders our ability to evaluate recent and predicted warming within a context of natural variability. This research seeks evidence for sub-millennial scale climate change and...

A Very High Resolution Sediment Record From Húnaflòaáll : Holocene Century-Scale Variability Along the N. Iceland Margin

John T. Andrews¹, Jorunn Hardardottir², Greta B. Kristjansdottir³, Karl Gronvald⁴, J. Stoner⁵
¹INSTAAR and the University of Colorado at Boulder, University of Colorado, Box 450, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450, USA, Phone 303/492-5183, Fax 303/492-6388
²National Energy Authority , Grensásvegur 9, 108 Reykjavík, Iceland
³INSTAAR and University of Colorado at Boulder, CO, USA
⁴Nordic Volcanological Institute, Grensásvegi 50, 108 Reykjavík, Iceland
⁵NSF Cryogenic Magnetometer Facility, UC-Davis, USA

Abstract:

MD99-2269 is a 25 m long core from Húnaflòaáll, a deep trough that runs toward the shelf break off N Iceland from the narrow neck of land which joins the NW Peninsula of Iceland with the "mainland". The seismic architecture of the trough was surveyed in 1997 as part...

Investigation into the relationship between Climate Change and Sedimentary Processes from Core PG 1351 from El’gygytgyn Crater Lake, NE Siberia

Celeste A. Asikainen¹, Julie Brigham-Grette², Pierre Francus³, Michael Apfelbaum⁴
¹Departmen of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, 233 Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-2286, Fax 413-545-1200, celeste@geo.umass.edu
²Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, 233 Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-4840, Fax 413-545-1200, Juliebg@geo.umass.edu
³Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, 233 Morrill Scinece Center, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA, Phone 413-545-0659, Fax 413-545-1200, francus@geo.umass.edu
⁴Departmen of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, 233 Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-2286, Fax 413- 545-1200, michaela@geo.umass.edu

Abstract:

Sedimentological analyses completed at UMass so far from the upper 650 cm of the 1998 pilot core shows that Lake El’gygytgyn records large climate shifts for the last ~140 ka. The established chronology is based on magnetic susceptibility and OSL correlated to the GISP2 ¹⁸O curve (Nowaczyk, et al.,...

The role of Arctic fresh water export in a model of the Arctic-North Atlantic Oceans.

David A. Bailey¹, Peter B. Rhines², Sirpa Hakkinen³
¹School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Box 355351, Seattle, WA, 98195-5351, USA, Phone 206-221-6570, Fax 206-685-3354, bailey@ocean.washington.edu
²School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
³NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA

Abstract:

The export of fresh water from the Arctic is believed to play a significant role in determining the strength of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the North Atlantic Ocean. In some ocean general circulation models, a complete shutdown of the MOC is possible given a sufficient input of fresh...

The Sea Ice Dynamic in Coastal Zone of the White Sea

Alexei V. Baklanov¹, Igor A. Melnikov²
¹P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovsky pr., 36, Moscow, Russia
²P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Nakhimovsky pr., 36, Moscow, 117851, Russia, Phone +7-095/124-5996, Fax +7-095/124-5983, migor@online.ru

Abstract:

Recently well known, that sea ice is an important component of the global climate system controlling miscellaneous natural processes in the polar oceans. However, a little is known about the sea-ice impact on the sea floor, the coastline and their habitants, and especially, in the coastal environment with the tidal...

Effects of Extended Growing Season on Flower Production of Seven Alaskan Tundra Species at Toolik, Alaska

Tracey A. Baldwin¹, Steven F. Oberbauer²
¹Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA, Phone 305-348-6047, Fax 305-348-1986, tracefsu@aol.com
²Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA

Abstract:

As climate warming occurs in northern latitudes, season length is expected to change. As a result of this change, plant phenology will shift, changing the temporal expression of flowering and other phenological traits with important consequences at the community and ecosystem levels. The purpose of this study was to determine...

Toolik GIS: Spatial Data & Products for a Diversity of Clients

Andrew W. Balser¹
¹Toolik Field Station, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 311 Irving I, IAB, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907.474.2466, Fax 907.474.6967, fnawb@uaf.edu

Abstract:

Toolik Field Station, located on Alaska's northslope in the Brooks Range foothills, has been a center of multidisciplinary scientific research for over twenty five years. From small beginnings in the 1970s, Toolik has grown to support up to 100 researchers and staff at peak capacity. Science at Toolik includes all...

Benthic Community Composition and Biomass Distribution: Viral, Bacterial, and Infaunal Associations from the Gulf of Alaska to the Canadian Archipelago

Arianne L. Balsom¹, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier², Lee W. Cooper³, Steven W. Wilhelm⁴
¹Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr, Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA, Phone 865-974-6160, Merrow1@aol.com
²Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr, Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA, Phone 865-974-6160, jgrebmei@utk.edu
³Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr, Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA, Phone 865-974-6160, lcooper1@utk.edu
⁴Microbiology, University of Tennessee, M409 Walters Life Sciences, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA, wilhelm@utk.edu

Abstract:

As part of a US-Canada scientific collaboration during the St. Roch II Voyage of Rediscovery in 2000, benthic sediment and water column samples were taken along the continental shelf from the Gulf of Alaska, the Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, and within the Canadian Archipelago (C.A.) as east as Spence...

Reconstruction of Summer Temperatures In Interior Alaska From Tree-Ring Proxies: Evidence for changing synoptic climate regimes.

Valerie A. Barber¹, Glenn P. Juday², Bruce P. Finney³
¹Forestry Sciences/Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757220, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7220, USA, Phone (907) 474-7899, barber@ims.uaf.edu
²Department of Forestry Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757200, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-6717, gjuday@lter.uaf.edu
³Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757220, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-7724, finney@ims.uaf.edu

Abstract:

Maximum latewood density and d¹³C discrimination of Interior Alaska white spruce were used to reconstruct summer (May through August) temperature at Fairbanks for the period 1800–1996, one of the first high-resolution reconstructions for this region. This combination of latewood density and d¹³C discrimination explains 59.9% of...

The Spatial Distribution of Vegetation at a High Arctic Oasis

David Bean¹, Greg H. Henry²
¹Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 217-1984 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada, Phone (604) 822-3441, dbean@interchange.ubc.ca
²Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 217-1984 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada

Abstract:

The relationships among plant community structure, diversity, phenology, and abiotic factors including snowmelt pattern, temperature, soil moisture and soil nutrients were studied at the Alexandra Fiord lowland, a high arctic oasis on the east coast of Ellesmere Island. At each of 28 sampling points, vegetation was surveyed, soil was sampled,...

Adjustment of Daily Precipitation Data at Barrow Alaska for 1995-2000

Jennifer L Benning¹, Daqing Yang², Douglas L Kane³
¹Water and Environmental Resources Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 456 Duckering Building, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907-474-5396, Fax 907-474-7979, ffjlb2@uaf.edu
²Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, ffdy@uaf.edu
³Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, ffdlk@uaf.edu

Abstract:

It has been recognized that systematic errors in precipitation measurements caused by wind-induced undercatch, wetting and evaporation losses affect all types of precipitation gauges. These errors are more sensitive for solid precipitation than for rain. In Arctic regions, these systematic errors become significantly more pronounced than for other...

Limiting Extent of Ice Sheets in the Russian High-Arctic During Isotope Stages 2–3 from IRSL Dating of Lake Sediments, Taymyr Peninsula

Glenn W. Berger¹, Martin Melles², Alexandra Raab³
¹Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV, 89512-1095, USA, Phone 775-673-7354, Fax 775-674-7557, gwberger@dri.edu
²Institute of Geophysics and Geology, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 35, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany, melles@rz.uni-leipzig.de
³Institute for Geography, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93040, Germany

Abstract:

The reconstruction of MIS 2-3 ice-sheet dimensions and ice-flow directions for the Eurasian Arctic remains controversial, with the maximalist view (Denton and Hughes, 1981; Grosswald, 1998) perhaps now (2001) being out-balanced by the minimalists' view (Brigham-Grette et al., 2001; Möller et al., 1999; Svendsen et al., 1999; Velichko et al.,...

What Happened to the Yukon River Chums? Climate Variation and Management of Western Alaska Salmon Fisheries

Matthew Berman¹, Darcy Dugan²
¹Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA, Phone (907)786-7716, Fax (907)786-7739, Matthew.Berman@uaa.alaska.edu
²School of Earth Sciences, Stanford University, USA, ddugan@stanford.edu

Abstract:

Since 1998, low returns of chum salmon (Onchorhynchus keta) to Western Alaska rivers have caused serious hardship to communities in the region whose subsistence and commercial fisheries rely on this resource. The cause of the run failures is unknown. However, fishery managers, research biologists, and fishery participants have advanced a...

Effects of Ice on Arctic River Channel Morphology: Ground Penetrating Radar Investigations

Heather R. Best¹, James P. McNamara², Lee M. Liberty³
¹Geosciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Dr., Boise, ID, 83725, USA, Phone (208) 426-2716, Fax (208) 426-4061, hbest25@yahoo.com
²Geosciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Dr., Boise, ID, 83725, USA, Phone (208) 426-1354, Fax (208) 426-4061, jmcnamar@boisestate.edu
³CGISS, Boise State University, 1910 University Dr., Boise, ID, 83725, USA, Phone (208) 426-1166, Fax (208) 426-3888, lml@cgiss.boisestate.edu

Abstract:

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) can be used to detect spatial changes in ice characteristics on an arctic river as a potential cause of anomalous downstream trends in channel morphology. In this study, GPR was employed as a method to investigate a shift in the typically log-linear relationship between drainage area...

Effects of Horizontal Resolution on GCM Simulations of Mid-and High-Latitude Circulation in the Northern Hemisphere

Cecilia M. Bitz¹, Richard E. Moritz², Jeffrey Yin³, Philip B. Duffy⁴
¹Polar Science Center, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA, Phone 206-543-1339, Fax 206-616-3142, bitz@apl.washington.edu
²Polar Science Center, USA
³JISAO, USA
⁴Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , USA

Abstract:

Key features of the mid- and high-latitude atmospheric circulation are poorly simulated by current general circulation models and are crucial to the coupled global atmosphere-land-ice-ocean system. These features include the mean annual cycles and variability of Arctic atmospheric circulation. When such GCM's are coupled to dynamical sea ice models,...

Factors Affecting the Distribution of Populus balsamifera on the North Slope of Alaska, U.S.A.

James G. Bockheim¹, James D. O'Brien²
¹Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53706-1299, USA, Phone 608-263-5903, Fax 608-265-2595, bockheim@facstaff.wisc.edu
²Ohio State University Extension, Washington Courthouse, OH, USA

Abstract:

Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) groves occur north of the Brooks Range and treeline in arctic Alaska in a region of continuous permafrost and tundra vegetation. A poplar grove near the Ivishak River (69°06'N, 147°53'W) was studied in detail and contains what appear to be 11 clones all within 350 m...

Predicting Carbon Storage in Tundra Soils of Arctic Alaska

James G. Bockheim¹, Frederick E. Nelson², Kenneth M. Hinkel³
¹Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53706-1299, USA, Phone 608-263-5903, Fax 608-265-2595, bockheim@facstaff.wisc.edu
²Geography, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA, fnelson@udel.edu
³Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA, ken_hinkel@compuserve.com

Abstract:

The distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) was determined in 60 pedons from northern Alaska by horizon, within the seasonal thaw layer, and to a depth of 1 m. Concentration of SOC, bulk density, and SOC density were remarkably uniform for a given genetic horizon and had low standard errors....

A comparison of climate and surface energy balance during spring melt at three Arctic sites (Spitsbergen, Siberia, Alaska)

Julia Boike¹, Larry D. Hinzman², Paul P. Overduin³, Kurt Roth⁴, Olaf Ippisch⁵, Vladimir Romanovsky⁶
¹Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 441 Duckering Bldg, Fairbanks, AK, USA, Phone 907-4742714, Fax 907-4747979, ffjb2@uaf.edu
²Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 441 Duckering Bldg, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-5860, USA
³Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
⁴Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, Germany
⁵Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, Germany
⁶Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA

Abstract:

Since 1998 automatic weather and soil stations have been operated at sites close to Ny-Ålesund (Spitsbergen), the Lena River Delta, (Siberia) and Ivotuk (Alaska). Continuous permafrost underlies all these sites. All stations are installed on patterned ground: frost boils on Spitsbergen, low centered polygon in Siberia and tussock tundra...

Lake sediment paleoclimate research in the Lofoten Islands, Arctic Norway

Raymond S. Bradley¹, Pierre Francus², Lesleigh Anderson³, Jon Pilcher⁴
¹Climate System Research Center, Dept. of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-2120, Fax 413-545-1200, rbradley@geo.umass.edu
²Climate System Research Center, Dept. of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-0659, Fax 413-545-1200, francus@geo.umass.edu
³Climate System Research Center, Dept. of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-9573, Fax 413-545-1200, land@geo.umass.edu
⁴Department of Palaeoecology, Queens University, Belfast, UK, j.pilcher@Queens-Belfast.ac.uk

Abstract:

The Lofoten Islands (at 67-69°N in the eastern Atlantic) are in a location that is sensitive to changes in ocean circulation within the Norwegian Sea, and they are strongly influenced by variations in the atmospheric circulation through the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). We therefore initiated a reconnaissance project in...

Mass Balance and Area Changes of four High Arctic Plateau Ice Caps, 1959–2001

Carsten Braun¹, Douglas R. Hardy², Raymond S. Bradley³
¹Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Campus Box 35820, Amherst, MA, 01003-5820, USA, Phone 413-545-0659, Fax 413-545-1200, carsten@geo.umass.edu
²Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Campus Box 35820, Amherst, MA, 01003-5820, USA, Phone 802/649-1829, Fax 413/545-1200, dhardy@geo.umass.edu
³Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Campus Box 35820, Amherst, MA, 01003-5820, USA, Phone 413/545-2120, Fax 413/545-1200, rbradley@geo.umass.edu

Abstract:

Small, stagnant ice caps without appreciable iceflow are particularly sensitive to climatic fluctuations, especially with regard to changes in ablation season temperature, and hence may provide an early warning of climate shifts. In a general sense, the areal extent of such ice caps is strongly related to their annual mass...

The ARCSS/PARCS Connection at Lake El’gygytgyn, NE Siberia: Modern process studies key to interpreting a 3.6 million-year climate record of the Arctic

Julie Brigham-Grette¹, Matt A. Nolan²
¹Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Building, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-4840, Fax 413-545-1200, juliebg@geo.umass.edu
²Water & Environmental Research Center, Insititute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7880, USA, Phone 907-474-2467, Fax 907-474-7979, matt.nolan@uaf.edu

Abstract:

The El’gygytgyn depression in northeastern Siberia is a 3.6 million year old impact crater, partially filled by a large lake. Approximately 50 streams drain the crater watershed, carrying with them sediments and organic matter that contain proxy indicators of climate at the time of deposition. In 1998 we retrieved a...

Multi-proxy evidence for rapid and pronounced Late Glacial climate change in the Ahklun Mountains, Southwestern Alaska

Jason P. Briner¹, Feng Sheng Hu², Darrell S. Kaufman³, William F. Manley⁴, Yarrow L. Axford⁵, Al Werner⁶, Marc Caffee⁷
¹Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA, jason.briner@colorado.edu
²Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA, fshu@life.uiuc.edu
³Departments of Geology and Environmental Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA, darrell.kaufman@nau.edu
⁴Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA, william.manley@colorado.edu
⁵National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA, axford@nsidc.org
⁶Departement of Earth and Environment, Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA, 01075, USA, awerner@mtholyoke.edu
⁷PRIME Lab and Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA, mcaffee@physics.purdue.edu

Abstract:

Determining the spatial and temporal pattern of abrupt climate events, such as the Younger Dryas event (YD; ~12.9 to 11.6 cal ka), is key to understanding interactions among the components of the climate system and for discerning regional climate teleconnections. Two independent records of late-glacial climate change in the...

Beaufort Sea Coastal Erosion: the Elson Lagoon Key Site, Barrow, Alaska

Jerry Brown¹, Torre Jorgenson², Orson Smith³, William Lee⁴
¹International Permafrost Association, Box 7, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA, Phone 508/457-4982, Fax 508/457-4982, jerrybrown@igc.org
²ABR, Inc., Box 80410, Fairbanks, AK, 99708, USA, tjorgenson@abrinc.com
³School of Engineering, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK, 99508-8054, USA, afops@uaa.alaska.edu
⁴School of Engineering, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK, 99508-8054, USA, aswjl3@uaa.alaska.eduss

Abstract:

Coastal erosion over the past 50 years have been determined for sections of the coast at Barrow (Elson Lagoon) and near Katovik (Beaufort Lagoon) using photogrammetric analysis of aerial photographs starting in the late 1940s to recent the IKONOS imagery. During summer 2001 key sites for monitoring coastal dynamics were...

An Integrated Approach to Understanding Climate-Vegetation-Fire Interactions in Boreal Forest Responses to Climatic Change

L.B. Brubaker¹, P.M. Anderson², F.S. Hu³, S Rupp⁴, T. Brown⁵, P.E. Higuera⁶, B. Clegg⁷
¹University of Washington, USA, Phone 206 543-5778, Fax 206 543-3254, lbru@u.washington.edu
²University of Washington, USA
³University of Illinois Champaign Urbana, USA
⁴University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA
⁵Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA
⁶University of Washington, USA
⁷University of Illinois Champaign Urbana, USA

Abstract:

A major challenge in predicting boreal ecosystem responses to future climatic change is the extent to which shifts in P. glauca forests will be driven solely by climate or by feedbacks among climate, vegetation, and fire. Paleoecological records from central Alaska provide a unique, natural experiment to explore this...

Was Beringia a Glacial Refugium for Boreal Forest Species? New Perspectives from Mapped Pollen Data

L.B. Brubaker¹, P.M. Anderson², M.E. Edwards³, A.V. Lozhkin⁴, T.A. Ager⁵
¹College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, PO Box 352100, Seattle, WA, 98195-2100, USA, Phone 206/543-5778, Fax 206/543-3254, lbru@u.washington.edu
²University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, PO Box 352100, Seattle, WA, 98195-2100, USA
³University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
⁴SVKNII Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia
⁵United States Geological Survey, Denver, CO, USA

Abstract:

There has been a great deal of interest in the role of Beringia, northeastern Siberia to northwestern Canada, as a refugium for boreal tree and shrub taxa during the last glacial maximum (LGM). We asked the question: Do low percentages of shrub and tree pollen during the LGM...

Land cover change in the Western Arctic: Development of a logistic regression model

Monika P. Calef¹, A. David McGuire², T. Scott Rupp³, Edward M. Debevec⁴, Howard E. Epstein⁵, Herman H. Shugart⁶
¹Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 1233 20th Avenue, Apt. 5, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA, Phone 907/457-3249, monika@virginia.edu
²Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA, ffadm@uaf.edu
³Forest Sciences Department, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA, ffsr@uaf.edu
⁴Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA, fnemd@uaf.edu
⁵Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA, hee2b@virginia.edu
⁶Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA, hhs@virginia.edu

Abstract:

To develop the capability to predict future land cover changes in the Western Arctic, it is important to understand how patterns of land cover change that have occurred in recent decades are associated with climate and fire history. We used logistic regression to develop an empirical model of land...

Ectomycorrhizal diversity of White Spruce (Picea glauca) at three treeline sites along a latitudinal gradient in Alaska

Kendra Calhoun¹, Jennifer Lansing², Roger Ruess³
¹Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 211 Irving I, North Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-1983, Fax (907) 474-7906, ftklc1@uaf.edu
²Center for Conservation Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
³Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA

Abstract:

Factors limiting white spruce (Picea glauca) growth at treeline are poorly understood but are central in predicting future forest/tundra boundaries in response to global warming. Nutrient limitation and tissue loss are thought to reduce growth and reproductive success at treeline. Soil microbial communities may also have an effect on the...

Preliminary Runoff Modeling Results from Two Subarctic Watersheds, Kougarok Alaska

Anne T. Carr¹, Larry D. Hinzman², Doug L. Kane³
¹Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-2715, ftatc@uaf.edu
²Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-7331, Fax (907) 474-7979, ffldh@uaf.edu
³Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone (907) 474-7808, Fax (907) 474-7979, ffdlk@uaf.edu

Abstract:

Preliminary runoff modeling results are presented for Mauze Gulch (4.9 km²), and Niagara Creek (6.5 km²). Muaze Gulch and Niagara Creek lie adjacent to each other on the Seward Peninsula near Kougarok, Alaska. These watersheds have been studied extensively as part of the Arctic Transitions in the Land-Atmosphere...

Surface Temperature of The Arctic: Comparison of TOVS Satellite Retrievals with Surface Observations

Yonghua Chen¹, Jennifer A. Francis², James R. Miller³
¹Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA, chen@imcs.rutgers.edu
²USA, francis@imcs.rutgers.edu
³USA, miller@arctic.rutgers.edu

Abstract:

Surface temperature is a fundamental parameter for climate research. Over the Arctic Ocean and neighboring seas conventional temperature observations are often of uncertain quality, however, owing to logistical obstacles in making measurements over sea ice in harsh environmental conditions. Satellites offer an attractive alternative, but standard methods encounter difficulty in...

Evaluating Pollen Morphological Criteria to Separate Tree and Shrub Species of Betula (Birch) in North America

Benjamin F. Clegg¹, Willy Tinner², Feng Sheng Hu³
¹Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 267 Morrill Hall, 505 Goddwin Av., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA, Phone (217) 244-9871, Fax (217) 244-9871, bclegg@uiuc.edu
²Institut fur Pflanzenwissenschaften, Universität Bern, Altenbergrain 21, Bern, CH-3013, Switzerland
³Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 267 Morrill Hall, 505 Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA, fshu@uiuc.edu

Abstract:

Lake sediments from arctic and boreal regions commonly contain abundant pollen grains of Betula (e.g., >50% of total pollen spectra in some Holocene samples from Alaska). Because no reliable pollen morphological features have been identified to distinguish among various Betula species, the paleoenvironmental significance of Betula pollen profiles is often...

Using GIS to Assess Ice-Cover Impacts on a Productive Benthic System in the Northern Bering Sea

Jaclyn L. Clement¹, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier², Lee W. Cooper³
¹Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr., Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA, Phone 865.974.6160, Fax 865.974.7896, jlc@utk.edu
²Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr., Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA, Phone 865.974.2592, Fax 865.974.7896, jgrebmei@utk.edu
³Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr., Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA, Phone 865.974.2990, Fax 865.974.7896, lcooper1@utk.edu

Abstract:

During April 1999 and March-April 2001, late winter biological, sediment, and hydrographic measurements were made at 28 stations in an area of historically high benthic biomass in the northern Bering Sea. Benthic macroinvertebrates are an important food source for diving seaducks (e.g., the threatened Spectacled Eider) and marine mammals in...

Growth of Sphagnum Under Extended Growing Season at Toolik Lake, Alaska

Sarah J. Colby¹, Steven F. Oberbauer², Lorraine E. Ahlquist³
¹Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA, scolby53@hotmail.com
²Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University , Miami, FL, 33199, USA
³Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA

Abstract:

Climate models predict that climate warming will be greatest at high latitudes. Along with temperature, the length of the growing season is anticipated to increase with climate change in the Arctic. While considerable effort has been dedicated to studying the effects of altered season length on vascular plants, little...

Radiation in the Arctic

Roger Colony¹, Alexander P. Makshtas²
¹International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 930 Koyukuk Dr. P.O.Box 757335, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7335, USA, Phone (907)474-5115, Fax (907)474-2643, rcolony@iarc.uaf.edu
²International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 930 Koyukuk Dr. P.O.Box 757335, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7335, USA, Phone (907)474-2678, Fax (907) 474-2643, makshtas@iarc.uaf.edu

Abstract:

The main parameters, affecting the characteristics of the radiation regime of the underlying surface are cloudiness, surface albedo, and transparency of atmosphere. The variations of transparency of different temporal scale are determined by the variations of total atmospheric water content and aerosol. The maximal changes of albedo in the Arctic...

An Arctic Environmental Observatory in Bering Strait

Lee W. Cooper¹, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier², Gay G. Sheffield³, Lou A. Codispoti⁴, Vincent Kelly⁵, Erik Haberkern⁶, Emily Cooper⁷
¹Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA, Phone (865) 974-2990, Fax (865) 974-7896, lcooper1@utk.edu
²Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA, Phone (865) 974-2592, Fax (865) 974-7896, jgrebmei@utk.edu
³Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1300 College Rd., Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA, gay_sheffield@fishgame.state.ak.us
⁴Horns Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD, 21601-0775, USA, Phone (410) 221-8479, codispot@hpl.umces.edu
⁵Horns Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD, 21601-0775, USA, vkelly@hpl.umces.edu
⁶Horns Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD, 21601-0775, USA, erik@hpl.umces.edu
⁷Horns Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD, 21601-0775, USA, ecooper@hpl.umces.edu

Abstract:

The Arctic Environmental Observatory in Bering Strait is a research effort designed to improve data collection capabilities at the juncture of the Bering and Chukchi Seas, where nutrient-rich Pacific water flows predominantly into the Arctic Ocean. The observatory currently includes three distinct tasks. One is the development of a water...

The RAISE component of ARCSS: Where we have been and where we might go.

Lee W. Cooper¹, RAISE Steering Committee²
¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecology Group, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Drive #100, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA, Phone 8659742990, Fax 8659747896, lcooper1@utk.edu
²International

Abstract:

The Russian-American Initiative for Shelf-Land Environments in the Arctic (RAISE) is unique among ARCSS programs. It is the only ARCSS component that is by definition international in implementation, as it promotes a partnership between the NSF and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. RAISE also explicitly promotes interdisciplinary arctic research...

The Role of Plant Functional Types in Land Surface Exchange in High Latitude Ecosystems: Measurements and Models

Catharine D. Copass¹, F. S. Chapin III², A. David McGuire³, Jason Beringer⁴, Donald A. Walker⁵, Amanda Lynch⁶, Gordan B. Bonan⁷
¹Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 211 Irving I, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Phone 907.474.9108, Fax 907.474.6716, ftcdc@uaf.edu
²Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
³Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
⁴School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash University, Australia
⁵Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
⁶Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science , University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
⁷National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA

Abstract:

Climate change has the potential to influence vegetation dynamics in high latitude ecosystems, which may in turn feedback to the climate system through alterations in carbon storage and surface energy balance. Our component of the Arctic Transitions in the Land Atmosphere System (ATLAS) project focuses on improving our understanding of...

Utilizing IFSAR Data for Mapping North Slope Hydrology and Landforms

Matthew D. Cross¹
¹Intermap Technologies, Inc., 400 Inverness Drive South, Suite 330, Englewood, CO, 80112, USA, Phone 303-708-0955, mcross@intermaptechnologies.com

Abstract:

Intermap Technologies, Inc. is a provider of high-resolution elevation data. Intermap's mission is to facilitate better decision making in government and industry by becoming the primary global supplier of high quality, low cost digital elevation products. The key component of Intermap's mapping capability is its STAR-3i system. ...

The Influence of Anomalous Atmospheric Circulation on the Annual Cycle of Precipitation in High Northern Latitudes

Richard I. Cullather¹, Amanda H. Lynch²
¹Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 216, Boulder, CO, 80309-0216, USA, Phone 303/492-3619, Fax 303/492-1149, Richard.Cullather@Colorado.EDU
²Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 216, Boulder, CO, 80309-0216, USA, Phone 303/492-5847, Fax 303/492-1149, manda@cires.colorado.edu

Abstract:

To a large extent, the transport of water vapor and the patterns of moisture sources and sinks are determined via the large-scale atmospheric circulation. In previous studies the precipitation distributions over the Arctic basin have been used to demonstrate the impact of decadal-scale circulation anomalies associated with wintertime teleconnection patterns....

Dendroclimatic Investigations at the Circumpolar Arctic Treeline

Roseanne D. D'Arrigo¹, Gordon Jacoby², Nicole Davi³
¹Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA, Phone 845/365-8617, Fax 845/365-8152, druidrd@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu
²Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA
³Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA

Abstract:

Recent dendroclimatic field collections and analyses have yielded millennial and near-millennial scale tree-ring chronologies from climatically-sensitive sites in 1. the Wrangell-St. Elias Mountains of Alaska, 2. the Yukon Territory of Canada, and 3. the Taymir Peninsula of Siberia. These records are contributing to our understanding of Arctic climate over...

Bioavailability and Chemical Characteristics of Soil: Organic Matter in Arctic Soils

Xiaoyan Dai¹, Chien-Lu Ping², Gary J Michaelson³
¹Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA, Phone (608)262-8295, Fax (608)265-2595, xiaoyandai@facstaff.wisc.edu
²Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 533E Fireweed Rd., Palmer, AK, 99645, USA, Phone (608)746-9462, Fax (608)746-2677, pfclp@uaa.alaska.edu
³Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 533 E Fireweed Rd., Palmer, AK, 99645, USA, Phone (907)746-9482, Fax (907)745-6268, pngjm@uaa.alaska.edu

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bioavailability and chemical characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM) in Arctic tundra soils. Laboratory incubation technique was used to determine CO₂ respired from the samples during the incubation period which was used as an index of bioavailability of the SOM. ...

Carbon Stocks in an Age-Series of Drained Thaw Lakes in Arctic Alaska

Xiaoyan Dai¹, Jim Bockheim², Wendy R. Eisner³
¹Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA, Phone (608)262-8295, Fax (608)265-2595, xiaoyandai@facstaff.wisc.edu
²Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Observaroty Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA, Phone (608)263-5903, Fax (608)265-2595, bockheim@facstaff.wisc.edu
³Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA, eisnerwr@ucmail.uc.edu

Abstract:

Replicate cores were taken to an average depth of 124 cm from 12 drained thaw-lake basins representing four age classes (young, medium, old and ancient) near Barrow, Alaska. Based on radiocarbon dating, the basins range from <100 to >4,000 yr BP. The cores were sectioned into decimeter intervals, and...

Studies of seismic stratigraphy in Arctic lakes

Danielle Deemer¹, Susan McNeil², Mark Abbott³, Bruce Finney⁴
¹Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4107 O'Hara Street, Room 200 SRCC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA, Phone 412-624-8780, Fax 412-624-3914, dldst59@pitt.edu
²Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
³Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4107 O'Hara Street, Room 200 SRCC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA, Phone 412-624-8780, Fax 412-624-3914, mabbott1@pitt.edu
⁴Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA

Abstract:

The aim of this poster is to give a broad overview showing examples of how seismic surveys can be coupled with core studies to provide a three dimensional view of a lake basin's sedimentary architecture. We will focus on two case studies where seismic and core studies were combined. First...

The impact of subgrid-scale snowcover on the hydrological cycle of an Alaskan watershed

Stephen J. Dery¹, Marc Stieglitz², E. F. Wood³, W. T. Crow⁴
¹Divison of Ocean ad Atmospheric Physics, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA, Phone 845-365-8769, Fax 845-365-8157, dery@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu
²Divison of Ocean ad Atmospheric Physics, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA, Phone 845/365-8342, Fax 845/365-8157, marc@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu
³Palisades, NY, USA
⁴Palisades, NY, USA

Abstract:

Given their ubiquitous presence during most of the year on the North Slope of Alaska, snow and ice processes are critical components of the hydrological cycle that demand special consideration. In this work, therefore, we present hydrological simulations that focus on the evolution of the snowcover in the Kuparuk...

The Arctic System Science Data Coordination Center (ADCC)

Rudolph J. Dichtl¹, Chris McNeave²
¹ARCSS Data Coordination Center, National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309-0449, USA, Phone 303-492-5532, Fax 303-492-2468, dichtl@kryos.colorado.edu
²ARCSS Data Coordination Center, National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, UCB 449, Boulder, CO, 80309-0449, USA

Abstract:

The ARCSS Data Coordination Center (ADCC) at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), University of Colorado at Boulder, is the permanent data archive for all components of the ARCSS Program. Funded by the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs, our focus is to archive and provide access...

Tracking Climate Change in the Canadian High Arctic Using Paleoenvironmental Techniques

Marianne SV Douglas¹, John P. Smol², Dermot M Antoniades³, Darlene SS Lim⁴, Neal Michelutti⁵
¹Department of Geology, University of Toronto, 22 Russell St., Toronto, Ontario, -, M5S 3B1, Canada, Phone 416 978 3709, Fax 416 978 3938, msvd@geology.utoronto.ca
²Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada, Phone 613/533-6147, Fax 613/533-6617, smolj@biology.queensu.ca
³Department of Geology, University of Toronto, 22 Russell St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B1, Canada, dermot.antoniades@utoronto.ca
⁴Department of Geology, University of Toronto, 22 Russell St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B1, Canada, lim@geology.utoronto.ca
⁵Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada, michelut@biology.queensu.ca

Abstract:

Research by our two labs PAL (Paleoenvironmental Assessment Laboratory)at the University of Toronto and PEARL (Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Laboratory) at Queen's University has focussed on tracking environmental and paleoenvironmental change in the Canadian Arctic islands. We use mainly freshwater diatoms as biomonitors as they exhibit a rapid response...

Benthic Faunal Biomass in the Western Arctic: Linkage to Overlying Water Column Processes

Kenneth H. Dunton¹, Jackie M. Grebmeier², David M. Maidment³, Jonathan L. Goodall⁴, Susan V. Schonberg⁵
¹Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX, 78373, USA, Phone 361-749-6744, dunton@utmsi.utexas.edu
²Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
³Center for Research in Water Resources, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
⁴Center for Research in Water Resources, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
⁵Marine Science, University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX, USA

Abstract:

The ultimate goal of our research is to link patterns of benthic community structure and biomass in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas to associated physical and biological processes that can be identified as key determinants of global change. Benthic organisms integrate elements in the adjacent water column and therefore...

Data Coordination for Paleoenvironmental Arctic Sciences (PARCS)

Mathieu Duvall¹
¹Geology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, 04240, USA, Phone 207-753-6945, mduvall@bates.edu

Abstract:

The Paleoenvironmental Arctic Sciences (PARCS; formerly PALE) component of the ARCSS program manages its own data. This fact grew out of need to maximize the resources available to us by teaming our data management efforts with those of the NOAA Paleoclimatology Program. Long term archiving of PARCS data is assured...

Verification of the Thaw Lake Cycle using Radiocarbon Dating, North Slope, Alaska

Wendy R. Eisner¹, Kenneth M. Hinkel², Elizabeth S. Wolfe³, Kim M. Peterson⁴, James G. Bockheim⁵, Robert C. Frohn⁶
¹Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, 400A Braunstein ML131, Cincinnati, OH, 43221-0131, USA, Phone 513-556-3926, Fax 513-556-3370, wendy.eisner@uc.edu
²Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, USA
³Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, USA
⁴Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, USA
⁵Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin Madison, USA
⁶University of Cincinnati, USA

Abstract:

We conducted a program of basin age verification, soil sampling, and vegetation description of drained thaw-lake basins between Barrow and Atqasuk. This is part of our effort to determine the amount of carbon sequestered in drained basins, changes in carbon accumulation rates over time, and to understand the influence...

STAR-Light: Enabling a New Vision for Land Surface Hydrology in the Arctic

Anthony W. England¹, Roger D. De Roo²
¹Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, 3120 EECS Bldg, 1301 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA, Phone +1 (734) 763-55, Fax +1 (734) 647-21, england@eecs.umich.edu
²Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences, The University of Michigan, 2116 Space Research Building, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2143, USA, Phone +1 (734) 647-87, Fax +1 (734) 764-51, deroo@umich.edu

Abstract:

STAR-Light, a 1.4 GHz radiometer for use on light aircraft, is an enabling instrument for monitoring thickness and water content of the active layer throughout the circumpolar Arctic. Our underlying vision is that the active layer can be modeled with a Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) model that is forced by...

Modeling Regional Evaporation: Significance of Landscape Heterogeneity in Arctic Coastal Plain Ecosystems Using BIOME-BGC

Ryan N. Engstrom¹
¹Department of Geography, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA, 92182-4493, USA, Phone 619-594-8037, Fax 619-594-4938, rengstro@rohan.sdsu.edu

Abstract:

Evaporation (E) is a major component of the hydrologic cycle, coupling directly to the energy and carbon cycles. Because the evaporation process is acutely non-linear, changes in scale of observation along with model grain and extent can have significant affects on model estimates. BIOME BGC is a widely used ecophysiological...

Detecting changes in arctic tundra plant communities is response to warming over decadal time scales

Howard E. Epstein¹, Monika P. Calef², Marilyn D. Walker³, F. S. Chapin III⁴, Anthony M. Starfield⁵
¹Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4123, USA, Phone 434-924-4308, Fax 434-982-2137, hee2b@virginia.edu
²Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4123, USA, mp6t@cms.mail.virginia.edu
³Institute of Northern Forestry Cooperative Research Unit, University of Alaska, P.O. Box 756780, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-6780, USA, Phone 907-474-2424, Fax 907-474-6251, ffmdw@uaf.edu
⁴Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-7000, USA, terry.chapin@uaf.edu
⁵Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA, starf001@maroon.tc.umn.edu

Abstract:

Detecting the response of vegetation to climate forcing as distinct from spatial and temporal variability may be difficult, if not impossible, over the typical duration of most field studies. We analyzed the spatial and interannual variability of plant functional type biomass from field studies in low arctic tussock tundra...

Tundra carbon loss during winter: temporal, landscape and geographic variability

Jace T. Fahnestock¹, Jeffrey M. Welker²
¹Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA, Phone 970-491-5262, jace@nrel.colostate.edu
²Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA

Abstract:

For the past six winters we have documented patterns of carbon loss during the long non-growing season in various arctic and subarctic plant communities and under various experimental treatments. These studies, along with those of other arctic research scientists, have shown that there is significant loss of carbon from...

The Challenges of Modernity for Reindeer Management: integration and sustainable development in Europe's subarctic and boreal regions

Bruce C. Forbes¹
¹Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Box 122, Rovaniemi, FIN-96101, Finland, Phone +358-16-3412710, Fax +358-16-3412777, bforbes@urova.fi

Abstract:

REINDEER MANAGEMENT is a research project funded by the European Commission during 2001–04. REINDEER MANAGEMENT aims to address fundamental questions regarding the sustainable utilization of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in northernmost Europe in order to enhance the quality of life of local reindeer-herding communities and the appropriate management of living resources....

A Dedicated Canadian Research Icebreaker: A proposal submitted to the International Joint Ventures Fund of the Canada Foundation for Innovation

Louis Fortier¹
¹GIROQ, Biology Department, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1K 7P4, Canada, Phone 418/656-5646, Fax 418/656-2339, louis.fortier@bio.ulaval.ca

Abstract:

The assessment of potential impacts of present and future variability and change in the Arctic Ocean (anthropogenic or natural) requires a significant increase in oceanographic research efforts. Because of its arctic responsibilities and as one of the first countries that will be impacted, Canada should play a leading role in...

The Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study

Louis Fortier¹
¹GIROQ, Biology Department, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1K 7P4, Canada, Phone 418/656-5646, Fax 418/656-2339, louis.fortier@bio.ulaval.ca

Abstract:

The extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice vary considerably from year to year and over decadal time scales. Assessing the effects of present variability in sea ice cover on Arctic marine ecosystems and regional climate requires a substantial improvement in our understanding of the links between freshwater and sea...

High Resolution Lake Sediment Studies From Sawtooth Lake, Nunavut

Pierre Francus¹, Raymond S. Bradley², Bruce Finney³, Ted Lewis⁴, Whit Patridge⁵, Bianca Perren⁶, Joe Stoner⁷
¹Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, 611 North Pleasent St., Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA, Phone 1-413-545-0659, Fax 1-413-545-1200, Francus@geo.umass.edu
²University of Massachusetts, Department of Geosciences, Amherst, MA, USA
³Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
⁴Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
⁵Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
⁶Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
⁷Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

Abstract:

South Sawtooth Lake, Ellesmere Island (79° 20' N, 83° 51' W), contains a 4.60 meter long annually laminated (varved) sequence that spans the last 2550 yrs.

Varves are studied in detail using image analysis of thin-sections, which allows the retrieval of the grain-size of single sedimentary events. From a...

An Investigation of Water Loss Mechanisms in Shrinking Thermokarst Ponds near Council, Alaska

Matthew R. Fraver¹, Larry Hinzman², Kenji Yoshikawa³, Douglas Kane⁴
¹Water and Environmental Research Center (WERC), University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, ftmrf@uaf.edu
²WERC, UAF, Fairbanks, AK, USA, ffldh@uaf.edu
³WERC, UAF, Fairbanks, AK, USA, ffky@uaf.edu
⁴WERC, UAF, Fairbanks, AK, USA, ffdlk@uaf.edu

Abstract:

In an attempt to better understand the hydrological dynamics of thermokarst ponds, energy and water balances will be performed for a unique study site near Council, Alaska. Preliminary analyses have revealed that the vast majority of ponds in this area are displaying a decreased surface area compared with aerial...

Heat Budget and Decay of Clean and Sediment-laden Sea Ice off the Northern Coast of Alaska

Karoline Frey¹, Hajo Eicken², Don K. Perovich³, Thomas C. Grenfell⁴, Lewis H. Shapiro⁵
¹Geophysics, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, 903 Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
²Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
³Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH, 03755-1290, USA
⁴Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1640, USA
⁵(same as 1st author)

Abstract:

Sea ice in Arctic coastal regions is often characterized by significant sediment loads that are entrained into the ice during frazil ice formation or through anchor ice rafting over shallow coastal shelves. Sediments in the top layers of sea ice alter the energy balance by reducing the albedo and hence...

Surface Water Biogeochemistry of West Siberian Peatlands and Linkages to Carbon Accumulation and Export

Karen E. Frey¹, Laurence C. Smith², Glen M. MacDonald³, Andrei Velichko⁴, Olga Borisova⁵, Konstantine Kremenetski⁶
¹Department of Geography, University of California Los Angeles, 1255 Bunche Hall, Box 951524, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1524, USA, Phone (310) 206-2261, Fax (310) 206-5976, frey@ucla.edu
²Department of Geography, University of California Los Angeles, 1255 Bunche Hall, Box 951524, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1524, USA
³Department of Geography, University of California Los Angeles, 1255 Bunche Hall, Box 951524, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1524, USA
⁴Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
⁵Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
⁶Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Abstract:

The West Siberian Plain (WSP) of arctic Russia stores a major fraction of global soil carbon in the form of peat, with annual accumulation rates thought to be on the order of 10¹² g C/year. Determining locations of present carbon accumulation in this region is essential for understanding...

Implications of Thermobaricity on Buoyancy, Mixing, and Ice Thermodynamics for the Arctic System

Roland W. Garwood¹, Wieslaw Maslowski²
¹Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, 833 Dyer Road, Monterey, CA, 93943, USA, Phone (831) 656-3260, Fax (831) 656-2712, garwood@nps.navy.mil
²Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, 93943, USA, maslowski@nps.navy.mil

Abstract:

The nonlinear property of thermobaricity in the equation of state for seawater has potentially profound implications for the buoyancy budget of the Arctic Ocean and its shelf waters. The buoyancy budget of seawater is controlled by the budgets for water, salt and heat. The nonlinear dependence of the thermal expansion...

How Warm Was the Early Holocene?

Aslaug Geirsdottir¹, Gifford H Miller², Jessica L Black³
¹Department of Geosciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Phone 011-354-525-447, Fax 011-354-525-449, age@rhi.hi.is
²INSTAAR and Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, INSTAAR, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450, USA, Phone (303) 492-6962, Fax (303) 492-6388, gmiller@colorado.edu
³INSTAAR and Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, INSTAAR, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450, USA, Phone (303) 492-5075, Fax (303) 492-6388, jblack@colorado.edu

Abstract:

Due to its geographic position, Iceland is sensitive to subtle variations in the intensity of the North Atlantic Drift and deep convection in the Nordic Seas. Available evidence already indicates icecaps expanded in the late Holocene. However, the history of the large ice caps on Iceland remains debated:...

Understanding Arctic Ecosystem Response to Climate Change: The Role of Individual Species

Laura Gough¹, Sarah E. Hobbie², Gaius R. Shaver³
¹Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Box 870206, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0206, USA, LGough@biology.as.ua.edu
²Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA, shobbie@tc.umn.edu
³Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA, gshaver@mbl.edu

Abstract:

In arctic terrestrial ecosystems where plant species richness is inherently quite low, individual species with particular growth characteristics may be crucial in determining community and ecosystem response to climate change. We are investigating two moist tussock tundra sites in northern Alaska that differ in glacial history and have distinctly...

Hiukitak River Camps: Integrating Western Science and Traditional Inuit Knowledge in Arctic Field Ecology

William A. Gould¹, Grizelle González², Sandra Eyegetok³, Lena Kamoayok⁴
¹International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, PO Box 25000, Rio Piedras, PR, 00928-5000, USA, Phone 787-766-5335, Fax 787-766-6302, wgould@fs.fed.us
²International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, PO Box 25000, Rio Piedras, PR, 00928-5000, USA, Phone 787-766-5335, Fax 787-766-6302, ggonzalez@fs.fed.us
³General Delivery, Cambridge Bay, X0B 0C0, Canada
⁴General Delivery, Cambridge Bay, X0B 0C0, Canada

Abstract:

I had a dream last night that Lena was saying to put away the little notebook and not write - to put away the cameras and not take pictures. Instead we were supposed to listen, listen. She was very agitated. We put away our cameras and notebooks but it was...

Western Arctic Shelf-Basin Interactions (SBI): Project Overview and Phase II Field Implementation Plan

Jacqueline M. Grebmeier¹
¹Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Drive, Bldg A, Suite 100, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA, Phone 865-974-2592, Fax 865-974-7896, jgrebmei@utk.edu

Abstract:

The Western Arctic Shelf-Basin Interactions (SBI) project is a contribution of the Ocean-Atmosphere-Ice Interactions (OAII) component of the National Science Foundation (NSF) Arctic System Science (ARCSS) Program, in coordination with the U.S. Office of Naval Research that is investigating the Arctic marine ecosystem in an effort to improve our capacity...

Energy and Mass Balance Observations in the Land-Ice-Ocean-Atmosphere Environment of Barrow, Alaska

Thomas C. Grenfell¹, Hajo Eicken², Donald K. Perovich³, Jaqueline A. Richter-Menge⁴, Matthew Sturm⁵, Bruce Elder⁶, Karoline Frey⁷, Kerry Claffey⁸, Jon Holmgren⁹, Katrina Liggett¹⁰
¹Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, MS 351640, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA, Phone 206-543-9411, Fax 206-543-0308, tcg@atmos.washington.edu
²Geophysical Institute, Univ of Alaska at Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute, UAF, 903 Koyukuk Dr., Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu
³CRREL ERDC, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA, perovich@crrel41.crrel.usace.army.mil
⁴CRREL ERDC, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA, jrichtermenge@crrel41.crrel.usace.army.mil
⁵CRREL ERDC, Box 35170, Ft. Wainwright, AK, 99703, USA, msturm@ccrel.usace.army.mil
⁶CRREL ERDC, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA, belder@crrel.usace.army.mil
⁷Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 903 Koyukuk Dr., Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, kfrey@dino.gi.alaska.edu
⁸CRREL ERDC, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA, kclaffey@crrel.usace.army.mil
⁹CRREL ERDC, Box 35170, Ft. Wainwright, AK, 99703, USA
¹⁰CRREL ERDC, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA, katrina.a.ligett@crrel.usace.army.mil

Abstract:

There is substantial recent evidence that Arctic climate is warming. The sea ice cover also shows signs of diminished extent and thickness. Changes and variability in the state of coastal ice covers, including tundra lakes, which account for up to 50% of the coastal zone in Siberian and...

The Glacial and Sea Level History of Wrangel Island, NE Siberia

Lyn Gualtieri¹, Sergey Vartanyan², Pat Anderson³, Julie Brigham-Grette⁴
¹Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Box 351360, Seattle, WA, 98107, USA, Phone 206-543-0569, Fax 206-543-3836, lyn4@u.washington.edu
²Wrangel Island State Reserve, Russia, sv@sv1226.spb.edu
³Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Box 351360, Seattle, WA, 98107, USA, Phone 206-685-7682, Fax 206-543-3836, pata@u.washington.edu
⁴Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413-545-4840, Fax 413-545-1200, juliebg@geo.umas.edu

Abstract:

Detailed fieldwork on Wrangel Island provides the first field evidence to adequately test the hypothesis of the existence of an East Siberian Ice Sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Field evidence indicates that the extent of ice on Wrangel Island during the LGM and possibly older glaciations was limited...

Local Dimensions of Climatic Change: West Greenland's Cod-to-Shrimp Transition

Lawrence C. Hamilton¹, Benjamin C. Brown²
¹Sociology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA, Phone 603-862-1859, Fax 603-862-3558, Lawrence.Hamilton@unh.edu
²Sociology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA, Phone 603-862-0765, Fax 603-862-3558, cliff.brown@unh.edu

Abstract:

The rise and fall of West Greenland's cod fishery, ca. 1920–1990, reflects interactions between climate, ecosystem and society. The fishery arose when the Irminger Current brought in cod and allowed spawning off West Greenland. Cod became a mainstay of the economy, but this fishery declined steeply in the 1960s,...

Ocean-Atmosphere-Ice Interactions (OAII)

Jane M Hawkey¹, Louis A. Codispoti²
¹University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, OAII Science Management Office, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD, 21613, USA, Phone 410-221-8416, Fax 410-221-8390, hawkey@hpl.umces.edu
²University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, OAII Science Management Office, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD, 21613, USA, Phone 410-221-8479, Fax 410-221-8390, codispot@hpl.umces.edu

Abstract:

Ocean-Atmosphere-Ice Interactions (OAII) is a component of ARCSS and was established in 1991. Since its inception, the thrust of OAII has been to investigate the arctic marine environment in the context of global change and the overall goals of ARCSS.

That the Arctic is highly sensitive to, and has...

Out-of-Phase Glaciation in Central Beringia during Marine Isotope Substages 5e/d or 5a/4?

Trent E. Hayden¹, Julie Brigham-Grette²
¹Department of Geoscience, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone (413)545-4840, Fax (413)545-1200, thayden@geo.umass.edu
²Department of Geoscience, University of Massachussets, Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, 01003, juliebg@geo.umass.edu

Abstract:

The rapid expansion of glacial ice across parts of the Arctic while eustatic sea level remains high, or the out-of-phase glaciation hypothesis, is a compelling new theme to emerge from Quaternary research in the last 10 years. Huston et al. (1990), Roof (1995), and Brigham-Grette et al. (2001), demonstrate...

The Summer Air Temperature Field Near Barrow, Alaska: Preliminary Results

Kenneth M. Hinkel¹, Anna Klene², Frederick E. Nelson³
¹Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, ML 131, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0131, USA, Phone 513-556-3421, Fax 513-556-3370, Kenneth.Hinkel@uc.edu
²Department of Geography, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716-2541, USA, Phone 302-831-0789, Fax 302-831-6654, klene@UDel.Edu
³Department of Geography, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716-2541, USA, Phone 302-831-0852, Fax 302-831-6654, Fnelson@udel.edu

Abstract:

The human impact on local climate is most dramatically evidenced as the “urban heat island.” Warmer temperatures are of particular concern in regions underlain by ice-rich permafrost since enhanced ground heat flux can cause permafrost degradation, ground subsidence, and damage to infrastructure and buildings. Beginning in mid-June 2001,...

Effects of Anthropogenic Nutrient Enrichment on Chlorinated Fatty Acids in Aleutian Amphipods and Implications to Steller's Eiders

Christopher A. Hoffman¹, Lilian Alessa², J. Kennish³, D. C. Pfeiffer⁴, P. Flint⁵, S. Jewett⁶
¹Department of Biology, University of Alaska, Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA, Phone 907-786-1507, cjhoffman@gci.net
²Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska, Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA
³Department of Chemistry, University of Alaska, Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA
⁴Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA
⁵Biological Resources Division, United States Geological Survey, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA
⁶Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA

Abstract:

Development activities related to economic diversification are increasing in the Arctic. The U.S. breeding population of Steller's eider (STEI) is a threatened species of sea duck that winters and feeds in the Alaska Peninsula and eastern Aleutian Islands. It is commonly found in close proximity to developed areas specifically in...

Towards improving the representation of ocean mixing associated with summertime leads - results from a SHEBA case study

Marika M. Holland¹, William Large²
¹CGD, NCAR, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307, USA, Phone 303-497-1734, Fax 303-497-1700, mholland@ucar.edu
²CGD, NCAR, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307, USA

Abstract:

The effects of leads or openings within sea ice are crudely represented in climate models. In particular, there are sub-gridscale processess associated with leads that affect ocean stability, vertical mixing, and ultimately the sea ice mass budget. Ocean general circulation models do not usually differentiate between ice and lead...

Pronounced Climatic and Ecological Changes in Alaska during past 2000 years

Feng Sheng Hu¹, Willy Tinner²
¹Departments of Plant Biology and Geology, University of Illinois, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA, Phone 217-244-2983, Fax 217-244-7246, fshu@life.uiuc.edu
²University of Illinois (current: U. Bern, Switzerland), USA

Abstract:

High-resolution geochemical, pollen, and charcoal analyses of lake-sediment cores from two Alaskan lakes provide new evidence for marked environmental variations during the past two millennia. Paired oxygen-isotopic analyses of abiotic carbonate and benthic-ostracode shells from the sediments of Farewell Lake (62° 33'N, 153° 38'W, 320 m a.s.l.) reveal three...

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Arctic Surface Temperature over the Last 400 Years

Konrad Hughen¹, Peter Huybers², Pierre Francus³, Mathieu Duvall⁴, PARCS High-Resolution Working Group⁵
¹Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA, Phone 508-289-3353, khughen@whoi.edu
²Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA, phuybers@whoi.edu
³Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA, Phone 413/545-0659, Fax 413/545-1200, francus@geo.umass.edu
⁴Department of Geology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, 04210, USA, Phone 207/753-6945, Fax 207/786-8334, mduvall@bates.edu
⁵Paleoenvironmental Arctic Sciences (PARCS)

Abstract:

Spatial networks of high-resolution (annual-decadal) paleoclimate records from throughout the Arctic can be used to distinguish different modes of variability and trace their behavior back in time. A compilation of primarily annual-resolution records from varved lake sediments, tree rings, ice cores, and marine sediments provided a view of circum-Arctic...

A 2,500-year long Temperature-sensitive Tree-ring Record in Far North-eastern Eurasia

Malcolm K. Hughes¹, E. Vaganov², S. Shiyatov³, R. Touchan⁴, M. Nuarzbaev⁵, G. Funkhouser⁶
¹Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA, Phone 520/621-6470, Fax 520/621-8229, mhughes@ltrr.arizona.edu
²Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 66306, Russia
³Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekatarinburg, 620219, Russia
⁴Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
⁵Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 66306, Russia
⁶Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

Abstract:

We have developed a more than 2,500-year long temperature-sensitive tree-ring record in far north-eastern Eurasia, at the center of the largest longitudinal sector of the Arctic lacking such a record. This record is based on material from a network of tree-ring sites in the Indigurka coastal region, and is well...

The Human Dimensions of the Arctic System (HARC) Initiative

Henry P. Huntington¹
¹Huntington Consulting, 23834 The Clearing Drive, Eagle River, AK, 99577, USA, Phone 907-696-3564, Fax 907-696-3565, hph@alaska.net

Abstract:

Humans have long been part of the Arctic system. In recent decades, their influence on the Arctic has increased greatly. Many of the ways in which the Arctic affects humans have also changes, some significantly and some subtly or not at all. To examine these and related aspects of the...

Seward Peninsula Radio Telemetry Project

Ken Irving¹, Crane Johnson², Larry Hinzman³
¹Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 441 Duckering Building, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99709-5860, USA, Phone 907-474-6152, fnkci@uaf.edu
²Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 441 Duckering Building, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99709-5860, USA, Phone 907-474-2713, fnbcj@uaf.edu
³Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 441 Duckering Building, PO Box 755860, Fairbanks, AK, 99709-5860, USA, Phone 907-474-7331, ffldh@uaf.edu

Abstract:

A radio telemetry system has been installed on the Seward Peninsula as part of the Arctic Transitions in the Land-Atmospheric System (ATLAS) project. Currently the Water and Environmental Research Center maintains eight meteorological stations on the Seward Peninsula, three located near Council, three near Kougarok, and two midway between Council...

East Greenland Shelf Records of Natural Climate Variability on Millennial to Decadal Timescales

Anne E. Jennings¹, John T. Andrews², Gita Dunhill³, Nancy J. Weiner⁴
¹INSTAAR and Dept. Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, 1560 30th St., Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO, 80027, USA, Phone 303-492-7621, Fax 303-492-6388, jenninga@spot.colorado.edu
²INSTAAR and Dept. of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, 1560 30th St., Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO, 80027, USA
³INSTAAR and Dept.